N-(substituted arylmethyl)-4-(disubstituted methyl) piperidines and pyridines

ABSTRACT

It has now been found that certain novel N-(substituted aryl)-4(disubstituted methyl)piperidine and pyridine derivatives have provided unexpected insecticidal activity. These compounds are represented by formula (I): wherein m, n, q, r, and s are independently selected from 0 or 1; and p is 0, 1, 2, or 3; A is C or CH; and B, D, E, R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7  and R 8  are fully described herein. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of at least one compound of formula I, and optionally, an effective amount of at least one of a second compound, with at least one insecticidally compatible carrier are also disclosed; along with methods of controlling insects comprising applying said compositions to a locus where insects are present or are expected to be present

This application is a National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US03/38878, filed Dec. 8, 2003, which claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Appl. No. 60/434,718, filed Dec. 18, 2002 and U.S. Provisional Appl. No. 60/495,059, filed Aug. 14, 2003.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to insecticidal compounds and their use in controlling insects. In particular, it pertains to insecticidal N-(substituted aryl)-4-(disubstituted methyl)piperidines and pyridine derivatives, N-oxides, and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof, compositions of these insecticides, and methods for their use in controlling insects.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is well known that insects in general can cause significant damage, not only to crops grown in agriculture, but also, for example, to structures and turf where the damage is caused by soil-borne insects, such as termites and white grubs. Such damage may result in the loss of millions of dollars of value associated with a given crop, turf or structures. Thus, there is a continuing demand for new insecticides that are safer, more effective, and less costly. Insecticides are useful for controlling insects which may otherwise cause significant damage to crops such as wheat, corn, soybeans, potatoes, and cotton to name a few. For crop protection, insecticides are desired which can control the insects without damaging the crops, and which have no deleterious effects to mammals and other living organisms.

A number of patents disclose a variety of insecticidally active substituted piperidine and piperazine derivatives. For example, as set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,569,664, compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where U is selected from —(CH₂)_(n)— and ethylidine, where n is 1, 2, or 3; Q is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, sulfhydryl, and fluorine; V is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsilyloxy, dialkylamino, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, and phenyl; W is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, nitro, amino, phenoxy, and phenylalkoxy; X is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkylalkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkylsilyloxy, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, cyano, cyanoalkoxy, nitro, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylaminoalkoxy, alkylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, aminocarbonyloxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, phenoxy, and phenoxyalkyl; Y and Z are independently selected from hydrogen and alkoxy; R¹ and R² are independently selected from phenyl substituted with halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxy, arylthio, alkoxy, dialkylamino, dialkylaminosulfonyl, hydroxyalkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulfonyloxy, and haloalkylsulfonyloxy; and the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts.

As set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,639,763 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where U is selected from —(CH₂)_(n)— and ethylidine, where n is 1, 2, or 3; Q is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, sulfhydryl, and fluorine; V is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsilyloxy, dialkylamino, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, and phenyl; Y and Z are independently selected from hydrogen and alkoxy; W and X taken together is —OCH₂CH₂O—, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂O—, —OC(CH₃)₂O—, or —N═C(C₂H₅)O—; R¹ and R² are independently selected from phenyl substituted with halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxy, arylthio, alkoxy, dialkylamino, dialkylaminosulfonyl, hydroxyalkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulfonyloxy, and haloalkylsulfonyloxy; and the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts.

As set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,795,901 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where V, W, Y, and Z are hydrogen; X is alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, or a five- or six-membered heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy, each heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, or haloalkoxyalkyl; R¹ and R² are independently selected from haloalkyl, phenyl substituted with halogen, halothio, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; or a five- or six-membered heteroaryl substituted with halogen or alkyl; R³ is alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, alkylsulfonylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxyalkyl, carboxyarylalkyl, arylcarbonyl, sulfonato, or sulfonatoalkyl, and may bear a negative charge resulting in an inner salt, and a separate anion is chloride, bromide, iodide, or a phenyl, or alkyl sulfate or sulfonate.

As set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,939,438 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where R is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, or dialkylamino; R¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, or alkylaminocarbonyl; Q is fluoro or hydroxy; X is oxygen or NR²; Z is halogen, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, pentahalothio, haloalkylthio, haloalkylsulfinyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, or —OCF₂O— attached to two adjacent carbon atoms of the phenyl ring; n is 0 or 1; and, when X is NR², R² is hydrogen, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or R¹ and R² taken together may be —C_(m)H_(2m)—, or —C₂H₄OC₂H₄—, where m is 3–9; and their agriculturally acceptable salts.

As set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 6,017,931 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where V, W, and Z are hydrogen; X is selected from alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxyl, halocycloalkylalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, haloalkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkylalkoxylcarbonyl, halocycloalkylalkoxylcarbonyl, alkoxyalkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, haloalkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkoxycarbonylamino, halocycloalkylalkoxycarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonyl, haloalkylaminocarbonyl, cyanoalkoxycarbonylamino, phenylcarbonylamino, and phenoxycarbonyl, each cycloalkyl moiety or phenyl ring optionally substituted with halogen; Y is selected from hydrogen or halogen; R¹ and R² are independently selected from phenyl or pyridyl, each substituted with haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or alkylthio, and the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts.

As set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 6,030,987 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where V, W, Y and Z are hydrogen; X is a five- or six-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, cyano, aminocarbonyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or haloalkoxyalkyl; and the heterocycle is optionally connected to the phenyl ring through a —O—, —S—, —(CH₂)_(p)—, —C(O)—, or —O(CR³R⁴)_(q)— linkage; R¹ and R² are independently selected from phenyl or pyridyl, each substituted with haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl; n and p are independently 1, 2, or 3; and q is 1 or 2, and the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts.

As set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 6,184,234 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where V, W, Y and Z are hydrogen; X is a five- or six-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with bromine, chlorine, fluorine, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, cyano, aminocarbonyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or haloalkoxyalkyl; and the heterocycle is optionally connected to the phenyl ring through a —O—, —S—, —(CH₂)_(p)—, —C(O)—, or —O(CR³R⁴)_(q)— linkage; R¹ and R² are independently selected from i) phenyl or pyridyl, each substituted with pentahalothio, haloalkylthio, haloalkylsulfinyl, or haloalkylsulfonyl; ii) phenyl substituted with —OC(M)₂O—, where M is bromine, chlorine, or fluorine to provide a dihalobenzodioxolyl fused ring; or iii) pyridyl substituted with —OC(M)₂—, to provide a dihalodioxoleneopyridyl fused ring; R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl; n and p are independently 1, 2, or 3; and q is 1 or 2, and the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts.

As set forth in United States Statutory Invention Registration H1,838 compounds of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where m is 2 or 3; n is 0 or 1; X is hydrogen, alkoxy, cycloalkylalkoxy, haloalkoxyimino, or a five- or six-membered heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy in which one or more hetero atoms may be optionally substituted with alkyl; R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen, haloalkyl, halothio, or haloalkoxy; and when n is 1, Y represents (a) an N-oxide of the ring nitrogen; or (b) an agriculturally acceptable anionic salt of the ring nitrogen; or (c) forms an OR³ linkage in which R³ is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, hydroxycarbonylethyl in association with an agriculturally acceptable anion resulting in an ionic salt, or R³ is an oxycarbonylalkyl group bearing a negative charge resulting in an inner salt.

As set forth in United States Statutory Invention Registration H1,996 photostable, agriculturally acceptable acid salts of an organic or inorganic acid of the following structure are reported to be insecticidally active:

where R is alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkylalkoxy, 2-alkyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl, or 2-haloalkyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl; R¹ is trihaloalkyl, or trihaloalkoxy; n is 0, or 1; and said salt is at least 2.5 times more photostable than its non-ionic parent and is derived from hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, D-glucuronic acid; the sulfonic acid R²SO₃H where R² is alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, D-10-camphoryl, or phenyl optionally substituted with alkyl or halogen; the carboxylic acid R³CO₂H where R³ is hydrogen, alkyl, trihaloalkyl, carboxyl, phenyl optionally substituted with alkyl or halogen, or pyridyl; the boronic acid R⁴B(OH)₂ where R⁴ is alkyl or phenyl optionally substituted with alkyl or halogen; the phosphonic acid R⁵PO₃H₂ where R⁵ is alkyl, haloalkenyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with alkyl or halogen; the sulfuric acid R⁶OSO₃H where R⁶ is hydrogen or alkyl; or the alkanoic acid X—(CH₂)_(q)CO₂H where q is 0 to 11, X is halogen, trihaloalkyl, haloalkenyl, cyano, aminocarbonyl, or CO₂R⁷ where R⁷ is hydrogen or alkyl.

As set forth in United States Statutory Invention Registration H2,007 compounds of the following structures are reported to be insecticidally active:

where A and B are independently selected from lower alkyl; U is selected from lower alkylidene, lower alkenylidene, and CH-Z, where Z is selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower cycloalkyl, or phenyl; R is —CHR³R⁴ where R³ and R⁴ are are independently selected from phenyl, optionally substituted with halogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkenyl, or phenyl; R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, tetrazolylphenyl, phenylcyclopropyl, phenoxyphenyl, benzyloxyphenyl, pyridylphenyl, pyridyloxyphenyl, or thiadiazolyloxyphenyl, each optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy, amino, lower dialkylamino, nitro, lower haloalkylsulfonyloxy, lower alkylcarbonyloxy, lower alkylcarbonylamino, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkoxyalkoxycarbonyl, lower cycloalkylalkoxycarbonyl, lower alkoxyalkylalkoxycarbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonylamino, alkoxythiocarbonylamino, lower alkyldithiocarbonylamino, lower dialkyldioxolylalkoxycarbonylamino, or halophenylamino; or lower alkyl substituted with any one of the foregoing cyclic R¹ groups; m is 2 or 3; and n is 1, 2, or 3.

As set forth in unexamined Japanese Patent Application 2002-220372 compounds of the following structures are reported to be insecticidally active:

where R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkoxy, or lower alkylsulfonyloxy; R² is selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxyalkyl, or lower alkylcarbonyl; X and Y are independently oxygen or sulfur; R³ is selected from lower alkenyl, or lower alkynyl, which are optionally substituted with hydroxy, halogen, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkylthio, lower alkylsulfinyl, lower alkylsulfonyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower alkoxyalkoxy, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxycarbonyl, nitro, cyano, trimethylsilyl, phenyl, or lower cycloalkenyl; and the corresponding N-oxides and salts.

As set forth in PCT Publication WO 02/068392A1 compounds of the following structures are reported to be insecticidally active:

where R¹ and R² are independently selected from halogen, C₁–C₆alkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkoxy, haloC₁–C₆alkoxy, —S(═O)_(p)—R⁹, or SF₅; R³ is hydrogen, hydroxy, C₁–C₆alkoxy, or —OC(═O)—C₁–C₆alkyl; R⁴ is hydrogen, halogen, C₁–C₆alkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkoxy, haloC₁–C₆alkoxy, or —S(═O) _(p)—R⁹, or —SCN; R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from C₁–C₁₂alkyl, haloC₁–C₁₂alkyl, C₂–C₁₂alkenyl, haloC₂–C₁₂alkenyl, C₂–C₁₂alkynyl, haloC₂–C₁₂alkynyl, C₃–C₈cycloalkyl, —C(═O)—OR⁷, —C(═S)—OR⁸, —C(═Y)-ZR⁸, —S(═O)_(p)—R⁹, aryl, arylC₁–C₆alkyl, heterocycle, heterocycleC₁–C₆alkyl, each substituted in the ring from one to five times independently of one another by halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C₁–C₆alkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkoxy, haloC₁–C₆alkoxy; or in common together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a heterocyclic ring which is substituted or unsubstituted; Y is oxygen or sulfur; X is a bond, —NR¹⁰—, or sulfur; R⁷ is C₁–C₆alkoxy-C₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkylthio-C₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkylamino-C₁–C₆alkyl, C₃–C₆alkynyl, C₁–C₆alkyl-S(═O)_(p)—C₁–C₆alkyl, C₃–C₈cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁–C₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-C₁–C₆alkyl each substituted in the ring from one to five times independently of one another by halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁–C₆alkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkoxy, or haloC₁–C₆alkoxy; R⁸ is C₁–C₆alkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkoxy-C₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkylthio-C₁–C₆alkyl, C₂–C₆alkenyl, C₃–C₆alkynyl, C₁–C₆alkyl-S(═O)_(p)—C₁–C₆alkyl, C₃–C₈cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁–C₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-C₁–C₆alkyl, or is C₃–C₈cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁–C₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-C₁–C₆alkyl each substituted in the ring from one to five times independently of one another by halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁–C₆alkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, C₁–C₆alkoxy, or haloC₁–C₆alkoxy; R⁹ is C₁–C₆alkyl, C₃–C₈cycloalkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, or benzyl; R¹⁰ is hydrogen, C₁–C₆alkyl, C₃–C₈cycloalkyl, haloC₁–C₆alkyl, or benzyl; p is 0, 1, or 2; q is 0 or 1; and, where appropriate, E/Z isomers, E/Z isomer mixtures and/or toutomers, each in free form or in salt form.

As set forth in PCT Publication WO 200020409A1 compounds of the following structures are reported to be insecticidally active:

where R¹ is halo, C₁–C₄alkyl, C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄haloalkyl, C₁–C₄haloalkoxy; R² is hydrogen, hydroxyl, halo, C₁–C₄alkyl, C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkoxycarbonyl, C₁–C₄alkylthio, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted phenyl or carbarnoyl; Z is 0 or S(O)_(p), p is 0 or 2; and m and n are 0 or 1.

As set forth in PCT Publication WO 03/022808A1 compounds of the following structures are reported to be pesticidally active:

where R¹ represents aryl or heteroaryl that is optionally identically or differently substituted once or several times; R² and R³ are identical of different and represent arylor heteroaryl that is optionally identically or differently substituted once or several times, whereby both groups can also be bridged by a common substituent; M is optionally substituted (CH₂)_(l), where l is 1, 2, or 3, CO, or —HN—C(O); X represents H, OH, halogen, OR4 or CN; Y represents (O), H, OH, OR⁴, R⁴; (in the last four groups, in which nitrogen has a positive charge, in combination with a corresponding anion); R⁴ is identical or different and represents (C₁–C₄)alkyl, (C₁–C₄)alkanoyl, (C₁–C₄)haloalkyl; m is 0, 1, 2, 3; and n 0 or 1.

As set forth in published Japanese Patent Application JP 62,145,018, the following compound is disclosed as being an antiallergy pharmaceutical agent:

There is no disclosure or suggestion in any of the citations set forth above of the piperidine or pyridine derivatives of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, it has now been found that certain N-(substituted arylmethyl)-4-(disubstituted methyl)piperidine and pyridine derivatives, (hereinafter termed “compounds of formula”), N-oxides, and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof are surprisingly active when used in the insecticidal compositions and methods of this invention. The compounds of formula I are represented by the following general formula I:

wherein;

-   m, n, q, r, and s are independently selected from 0 or 1; and p is     0, 1, 2, or 3; -   A is selected from C and CH, forming a six-membered azine ring     selected from piperidine, 1,4-dihydropyridine, and     1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine; -   R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy,     pentahalothio, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, alkylcarbonyl,     alkoxycarbonyl, aryl, or aryloxy, provided that at least one of R²,     R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are other than hydrogen; and, wherein either of     R² and R³, or R³ and R⁴ are taken together with —OCF₂O—, —OCF₂CF₂—,     —CF₂CF₂O—, or —CH═CHCH═CH—, forming a benzo-fused ring; -   And when, -   (a) m and n are 0; -   a double bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the     six-membered azine ring is formed,

where

-   B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³,

-   where -   R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, mercapto,     and alkylthio, cyano, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or aryloxy;     and, wherein either of R⁹ and R¹⁰, or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ may be taken     together with —OCF₂O—, —OCF₂CF₂—, or —CF₂CF₂O—, forming a     benzo-fused ring, providing that at least one of R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹²,     and R¹³ is other than hydrogen; -   and when -   (b) m is 1, and n is 0; -   a double bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the     six-membered azine ring is formed,

-   where -   B is a bridging group from methyl carbon (a) to R; -   where -   B is selected from O, S, *CH₂O, *OCH₂, OC(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═S)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═S)O, *OCH₂C(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)CH₂O, *CH₂OC(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═O)OCH₂, *NR¹⁵CH₂, *CH₂NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O), *C(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵NHSO₂, *SO₂NHNR¹⁵,     *OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶, *CHR¹⁶NR¹⁵C(═O)O,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶; 1,4-dioxycyclohexyl, or 4-oxypiperidin-1-yl, where     the asterisk denotes attachment to the methyl carbon (a); -   where -   R¹⁵ and R¹⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl,     alkylaminocarbonyl, and arylcarbonyl wherein the aryl is optionally     substituted with halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or     nitro; -   where -   R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxycarbonyl;     or -   R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹;

-   or, -   R is pyrid-2-yl substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹,

-   or -   pyrid-3-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹,

-   or -   pyrid4-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, and R²¹,

-   or -   pyridazin-3-yl substituted with R¹⁹, R²⁰ and R²¹,

-   where -   R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from     hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,     haloalkylthio, cyano, nitro, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl,     alkoxycarbonylamino, aryl, aryloxy, and 2-alkyl-2H-tetrazole, and,     wherein either of R¹⁷ and R¹⁸, or R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ may be taken together     with —CH₂CH═CHCH₂O—, —OCF₂—, —OCF₂CF₂—, or —CF₂CF₂O—, to form     benzo-fused rings; -   and when -   (c) m and n are 1; -   a single bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the     six-membered azine ring is formed;

-   where -   B is a bridging group from methyl carbon (a) to R; -   where -   B is selected from O, S, *CH₂O, *OCH₂, OC(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═S)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═S)O, *OCH₂C(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)CH₂O, *CH₂OC(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═O)OCH₂, *NR¹⁵CH₂, *CH₂NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O), *C(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵NHSO₂, *SO₂NHNR¹⁵,     *OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶, *CHR¹⁶NR¹⁵C(═O)O,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶; 1,4-dioxycyclohexyl, or 4-oxypiperidin-1-yl, where     the asterisk denotes attachment to the methyl carbon (a); where R¹⁵     and R¹⁶ are described above; -   and, -   R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxycarbonyl; -   or -   R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-2-yl     substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-3-yl substituted with     R¹⁷, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-4-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰,     and R²¹; or pyridazin-3-yl substituted with R¹⁹, R²⁰ and R²¹; where     R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are described above; -   R¹ is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or aryl; -   when p is 1, 2, or 3; -   D is —CH₂—, and an azabicyclo derivative of the six-membered azine     ring is formed; -   when q is 0, and r is 1, an N-oxide derivative of the six-membered     azine ring nitrogen is formed; -   when q is 1 and r is 0 or 1; -   R⁷ is selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl,     dialkylaminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl,     alkylsulfonylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl,     carboxyalkyl, arylalkyl, arylcarbonyl, sulfonato, or sulfonatoalkyl,     and may bear a negative charge resulting in an inner salt; and a     separate ion is chloride, bromide, iodide, or an alkyl or phenyl     sulfate or sulfonate; -   when s is 0 or 1; -   R⁸ is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl,     alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, amino, morpholinyl, optionally substituted     indolyl. piperidinyl, optionally substituted (pyridyl)alkenyl,     optionally substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthylenyl, optionally     substituted arylpyrazolyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl,     5-hydropyridino[1,2a]pyrimidinonyl, optionally substituted     4-hydro-1,3-thiazolino[3,2a]pyrimidinonyl,     1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, 2-thioxo-1,3-dihydroquinazolinonyl,     1,3-dihydroquinazolindionyl, or benzo[c]azolindionyl, wherein the     optional substituent is selected from halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, and     nitro; -   or -   R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   or -   pyrid-2-yl substituted with R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   or -   pyrid-3-yl substituted with R²², R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   or -   pyrid-4-yl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   where -   R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from     hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl,     dialkoxyalkyl, trialkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl,     alkenyloxyiminoalkyl, alkynyloxyiminoalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy,     alkoxyalkoxy, alkylthio, dithioalkoxyalkyl, trithioalkoxyalkyl,     alkylsulfonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, dialkylaminosulfonyl,     cycloalkylaminosulfonyl, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkenyloxy,     alkylsulfonyloxy, optionally substituted -arylalkoxy, cyano, nitro,     amino, alkylamino, alkylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino,     alkenyloxycarbonylamino, alkynyloxycarbonylamino,     haloalkylcarbonylamino, alkoxyalkoxycarbonylamino,     (alkyl)(alkoxycarbonyl)amino, alkylsulfonylamino, optionally     substituted (heteroaryl)(alkoxycarbonyl)amino, optionally     substituted arylcarbonylamino, formyl, optionally substituted     1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl,     optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolidin-2-yl, optionally substituted     1,3-oxazaperhydroin-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl,     optionally substituted 1,3-dithian-2-yl, alkoxycarbonyl,     alkylaminocarbonyloxy, alkylaminocarbonylamino,     dialkylaminocarbonylamino, alkylamino(thiocarbonyl)amino,     dialkylphosphoroureidyl, optionally substituted thienyl, optionally     substituted 1,3-thiazolylalkoxy, optionally substituted aryl,     optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl,     optionally substituted arylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted     heteroaryl, optionally substituted heteroaryloxy, optionally     substituted pyrrolyl, optionally substituted pyrazolyl, optionally     substituted pyrazinyloxy. optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinyl,     optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinyloxy, optionally substituted     1,3-oxazolinylamino, optionally substituted 1,2,4-triazolyl,     optionally substituted 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted     1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted 1,2,5-thiadiazolyloxy,     optionally substituted 2H-tetrazolyl, optionally substituted     pyridyl, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted     pyridylamino, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally     substituted pyrimidinyloxy, optionally substituted     3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinyloxy, optionally substituted     pyridazinyloxy, or optionally substituted     1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, wherein the optional substituent is     selected from one or more of halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy,     dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, cyano, nitro, amino, or     alkoxycarbonylamino, provided that at least one of R²², R²³, R²⁴,     R²⁵, and R²⁶ is other than hydrogen; -   when s is 1; -   E is a bridging group selected from (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y),     (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)O*, C₃H₆, C₄H₈, C(═O), C(═O)C₂H₄*,     C₂H₄C(═O)*, C₃H₆C(═O)*, C₄H₈NHC(═O), or C(═S)NH*, where the asterisk     denotes attachment at R⁸, -   where -   x is 1; y is 0, or 1; -   and, -   where R²⁷, R²⁸, R²⁹, and R³⁰ are independently selected from     hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl optionally substituted with alkoxy; -   N-oxides; -   and -   agriculturally-acceptable salts thereof.

The present invention is also directed to compositions containing an insecticidally effective amount of at least one of a compound of formula I, and optionally, an effective amount of at least one of a second compound, with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.

The present invention is also directed to methods of controlling insects, where control is desired, which comprise applying an insecticidally effective amount of the above composition to the locus of crops, or other areas where insects are present or are expected to be present. Other aspects of the present invention will become apparent.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the present invention relates to certain new and useful compounds, namely certain novel N-(substituted arylmethyl)-4-(disubstituted methyl)piperidine and pyridine derivatives as depicted in general formula I:

wherein;

-   m, n, q, r, and s are independently selected from 0 or 1; and p is     0, 1, 2, or 3; -   A is selected from C and CH, forming a six-membered azine ring     selected from piperidine, 1,4-dihydropyridine, and     1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine; -   R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy,     pentahalothio, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, alkylcarbonyl,     alkoxycarbonyl, aryl, or aryloxy, provided that at least one of R²,     R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are other than hydrogen; and, wherein either of     R² and R³, or R³ and R⁴ are taken together with —OCF₂O—, —OCF₂CF₂—,     —CF₂CF₂O—, or —CH═CHCH═CH—, forming a benzo-fused ring; -   and when, -   (a) m and n are 0; -   a double bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the     six-membered azine ring is formed,

-   where -   B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³,

-   where -   R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloakyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, mercapto,     and alkylthio, cyano, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or aryloxy;     and, wherein either of R⁹ and R¹⁰, or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ may be taken     together with —OCF₂O—, —OCF₂CF₂—, or —CF₂CF₂O—, forming a     benzo-fused ring, and; -   and when -   (b) m is 1, and n is 0; -   a double bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the     six-membered azine ring is formed,

-   where -   B is a bridging group from methyl carbon (a) to R; -   where -   B is selected from O, S, *CH₂O, *OCH₂, OC(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═S)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═S)O, *OCH₂C(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)CH₂O, *CH₂OC(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═O)OCH₂, *NR¹⁵CH₂, *CH₂NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O), *C(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵NHSO₂, *SO₂NHNR¹⁵,     *OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶, *CHR¹⁶NR¹⁵C(═O)O,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶; 1,4-dioxycyclohexyl, or 4-oxypiperidin-1-yl, where     the asterisk denotes attachment to the methyl carbon (a); -   where -   R¹⁵ and R¹⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl,     alkylaminocarbonyl, and arylcarbonyl wherein the aryl is optionally     substituted with halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or     nitro; -   where -   R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxycarbonyl; -   or -   R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹;

-   or, -   R is pyrid-2-yl substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹,

-   or -   pyrid-3-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹,

-   or -   pyrid-4-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, and R²¹,

-   or -   pyridazin-3-yl substituted with R¹⁹, R²⁰ and R²¹,

-   where -   R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from     hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,     haloalkylthio, cyano, nitro, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl,     alkoxycarbonylamino, aryl, aryloxy, and 2-alkyl-2H-tetrazole, and,     wherein either of R¹⁷ and R¹⁸, or R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ may be taken together     with —CH₂CH═CHCH₂—, —OCF₂O—, —OCF₂CF₂—, or —CF₂CF₂O—, to form     benzo-fused rings; -   and when -   (c) m and n are 1; -   a single bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the     six-membered azine ring is formed;

-   where -   B is a bridging group from methyl carbon (a) to R; -   where -   B is selected from O, S, *CH₂O, *OCH₂, OC(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═S)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═S)O, *OCH₂C(═O)NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)CH₂O, *CH₂OC(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵C(═O)OCH₂, *NR¹⁵CH₂, *CH₂NR¹⁵,     *NR¹⁵C(═O), *C(═O)NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵, *NR¹⁵NHSO₂, *SO₂NHNR¹⁵,     *OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂, *SO₂NR¹⁵C(═O)O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶, *CHR¹⁶NR¹⁵C(═O)O,     *NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶; 1,4-dioxycyclohexyl, or 4-oxypiperidin-1-yl, where     the asterisk denotes attachment to the methyl carbon (a); where R¹⁵     and R¹⁶ are described above; -   and, -   R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxycarbonyl; -   or -   R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-2-yl     substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-3-yl substituted with     R¹⁷, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-4-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰,     and R²¹; or pyridazin-3-yl substituted with R¹⁹, R²⁰ and R²¹; where     R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are described above; -   R¹ is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or aryl; -   when p is 1, 2, or 3; -   D is —CH₂—, and an azabicyclo derivative of the six-membered azine     ring is formed; -   when q is 0, and r is 1, an N-oxide derivative of the six-membered     azine ring nitrogen is formed; -   when q is 1 and r is 0 or 1; -   R⁷ is selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl,     dialkylaminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl,     alkylsulfonylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl,     carboxyalkyl, arylalkyl, arylcarbonyl, sulfonato, or sulfonatoalkyl,     and may bear a negative charge resulting in an inner salt; and a     separate ion is chloride, bromide, iodide, or an alkyl or phenyl     sulfate or sulfonate; -   when s is 0 or 1; -   R⁸ is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl,     alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, amino, morpholinyl, optionally substituted     indolyl. piperidinyl, optionally substituted (pyridyl)alkenyl,     optionally substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthylenyl, optionally     substituted arylpyrazolyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl,     5-hydropyridino[1,2a]pyrimidinonyl, optionally substituted     4-hydro-1,3-thiazolino[3,2a]pyrimidinonyl,     1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, 2-thioxo-1,3-dihydroquinazolinonyl,     1,3-dihydroquinazolindionyl, or benzo[c]azolindionyl, wherein the     optional substituent is selected from halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, and     nitro; -   or -   R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   or -   pyrid-2-yl substituted with R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵ and R²⁶,

-   or -   pyrid-3-yl substituted with R²², R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   or -   pyrid-4-yl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

-   where -   R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from     hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl,     dialkoxyalkyl, trialkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl,     alkenyloxyiminoalkyl, alkynyloxyiminoalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy,     alkoxyalkoxy, alkylthio, dithioalkoxyalkyl, trithioalkoxyalkyl,     alkylsulfonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, dialkylaminosulfonyl,     cycloalkylaminosulfonyl, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkenyloxy,     alkylsulfonyloxy, optionally substituted arylalkoxy, cyano, nitro,     amino, alkylamino, alkylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino,     alkenyloxycarbonylamino, alkynyloxycarbonylamino,     haloalkylcarbonylamino, alkoxyalkoxycarbonylamino,     (alkyl)(alkoxycarbonyl)amino, alkylsulfonylamino, optionally     substituted (heteroaryl)(alkoxycarbonyl)amino, optionally     substituted arylcarbonylamino, formyl, optionally substituted     1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl,     optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolidin-2-yl, optionally substituted     1,3-oxazaperhydroin-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl,     optionally substituted 1,3-dithian-2-yl, alkoxycarbonyl,     alkylaminocarbonyloxy, alkylaminocarbonylamino,     dialkylaminocarbonylamino, alkylamino(thiocarbonyl)amino,     dialkylphosphoroureidyl, optionally substituted thienyl, optionally     substituted 1,3-thiazolylalkoxy, optionally substituted aryl,     optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl,     optionally substituted arylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted     heteroaryl, optionally substituted heteroaryloxy, optionally     substituted pyrrolyl, optionally substituted pyrazolyl, optionally     substituted pyrazinyloxy. optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinyl,     optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinyloxy, optionally substituted     1,3-oxazolinylamino, optionally substituted 1,2,4-triazolyl,     optionally substituted 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted     1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted 1,2,5-thiadiazolyloxy,     optionally substituted 2H-tetrazolyl, optionally substituted     pyridyl, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted     pyridylamino, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally     substituted pyrimidinyloxy, optionally substituted     3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinyloxy, optionally substituted     pyridazinyloxy, or optionally substituted     1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, wherein the optional substituent is     selected from one or more of halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy,     dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, cyano, nitro, amino, or     alkoxycarbonylamino, provided that at least one of R²², R²³, R²⁴,     R²⁵, and R²⁶ is other than hydrogen; -   when s is 1; -   E is a bridging group selected from (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y),     (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)O*, C₃H₆, C₄H₈, C(═O), C(═O)C₂H₄*,     C₂H₄C(═O)*, C₃H₆C(═O)*, C₄H₈NHC(═O)*, or C(═S)NH*, where the     asterisk denotes attachment at R⁸, -   where -   x is 1; y is 0 or 1; -   and, -   where R²⁷, R²⁸, R²⁹, and R³⁰ are independently selected from     hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl optionally substituted with alkoxy; -   N-oxides; -   and -   agriculturally-acceptable salts thereof.

Compounds within the scope of the present invention that are of particular interest are those where p and q are 0; r is 0 or 1; and s is 1; R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, pentahalothio, alkylthio, nitro, aryl, and aryloxy; E is the bridging group —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1 and y is 0, R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶, where R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkoxy, dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkenyloxyiminoalkyl, alkynyloxyiminoalkyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, optionally substituted arylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxolane-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithian-2-yl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted 2H-tetrazole, optionally substituted pyridyl, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally substituted pyrimidinyloxy, and optionally substituted pyridazinyloxy.

In one aspect of the present invention, preferred compounds of the present invention are those where A is C, forming the piperidine ring; m is (a) 0 or (b) 1, and n is 0, forming a double bond between methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of said piperidine ring;

-   and when -   (a) m and n are 0; -   B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³, where R⁹,     R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, mercapto,     and alkylthio; -   or -   when -   (b) m is 1, and n is 0; -   B is the bridging group selected from O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵, and *SO₂NR¹⁵,     where R¹⁵ is hydrogen; -   and, -   R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ where R¹⁷,     R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, aryl, aryloxy,     and 2-alkyl-2H-tetrazole.

More preferred are those compounds where R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy; and R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted 2H-tetrazole, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally substituted pyrimidinyloxy, and optionally substituted pyridazinyloxy.

Particularly preferred are those compounds i) where (a) m and n are 0; and R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy; more particularly where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R ¹², R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are hydrogen; R⁴ and R¹¹ are difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy; and R²⁴ is pyrid-2-yloxy or pyrimidin-2-yloxy.

Other particularly preferred are those compounds ii) where (b) m is 1, and n is 0; B is the bridging group O or *OC(═O)NR¹⁵; and R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy; more particularly where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are hydrogen; R⁴ and R¹⁹ are difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy; and R²⁴ is pyrid-2-yloxy or pyrimidin-2-yloxy.

In another aspect of the present invention, preferred compounds of the present invention are those where A is CH, forming the piperidine ring;

-   (c) m and n are 1, forming a single bond between methyl carbon (a)     and the 4-position of said rings; -   R¹ is hydrogen; -   B is the bridging group selected from O, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵, and *SO₂NR¹⁵,     where R¹⁵ is hydrogen; -   and -   R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ where R¹⁷,     R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from hydrogen,     halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, aryl, aryloxy,     and 2-alkyl-2H-tetrazole.

More preferred are those compounds where R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy; and R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted 2H-tetrazole, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally substituted pyrimidinyloxy, and optionally substituted pyridazinyloxy.

Particularly preferred are those compounds where B is the bridging group O or * O C(═O)NR¹⁵; R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy; more particularly where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵ and R²⁶ are hydrogen; R⁴ and R¹⁹ are difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy; and R²⁴ is pyrid-2-yloxy or pyrimidin-2-yloxy.

In certain cases the compounds within the scope of formula I may possess asymmetric centers, which can give rise to optical enantiomorphs and diastereomers. Compounds within the scope of formula I may exist in two or more forms, i.e., polymorphs, which are significantly different in physical and chemical properties. Compounds within the scope of formula I may also exist as tautomers, which are in equilibrium. Compounds within the scope of formula I may also possess acidic or basic moieties, which may allow for the formation of agriculturally acceptable salts or agriculturally acceptable metal complexes.

This invention includes the use of such enantiomorphs, polymorphs, tautomers, salts and metal complexes. Agriculturally acceptable salts and metal complexes include, without limitation, for example, ammonium salts, the salts of organic and inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methylbenzenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, gluconic acid, pamoic acid, and other acid salts, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal complexes with, for example, sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, and other metals.

The methods of the present invention are predicated on causing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of formula I to be present within insects in order to kill or control the insects. Preferred insecticidally effective amounts are those that are sufficient to kill the insect. It is within the scope of the present invention to cause a compound of formula I to be present within insects by contacting the insects with a derivative of that compound, which derivative is converted within the insect to a compound of formula I. This invention includes the use of such compounds, which can be referred to as pro-insecticides.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to compositions containing an insecticidally effective amount of at least one compound of formula I, and, optionally, an effective amount of at least one second compound, with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to methods of controlling insects by applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition set forth above to a locus of crops such as, without limitation, cereals, cotton, vegetables, and fruits, other areas where insects are present or are expected to be present, or adjacent to areas where insects are present or are expected to be present.

The present invention also includes the use of the compounds and compositions set forth herein for control of non-agricultural insect species, for example, ants, dry wood termites and subterranean termites as well as other insects; and also for use as pharmaceutical agents and compositions thereof.

In the field of veterinary medicine, the compounds of the present invention are expected to be effective against certain endo- and ecto-parasites, such as insects and worms, which prey on animals. Examples of such animal parasites include, without limitation, Gaytrophilus spp., Stomoxys spp., Trichodectes sp., Rhodnius spp., Ctenocephalides canis, and other species.

As used in this specification and unless otherwise indicated the substituent terms “alkyl”, “alkenyl”, “alkynyl”, “alkoxy”, “alkenyloxy”, and “alkynyloxy” used alone or as part of a larger moiety, includes straight or branched chains of at least one or two carbon atoms, as appropriate to the substituent, and preferably up to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably up to ten carbon atoms, most preferably up to seven carbon atoms, wherein “alkenyl” has at least one carbon to carbon double bond, and “alkynyl” has at least one carbon to carbon triple bond. The term “aryl” refers to an aromatic ring structure, including fused rings, having four to ten carbon atoms, for example, phenyl and naphthyl. The term “heteroaryl” refers to an aromatic ring structure, including fused rings, having four to ten carbon atoms, and in which one or more of the atoms in the ring is other than carbon, for example, sulfur, oxygen, or nitrogen. The term “THF” refers to tetrahydrofuran. The term “DMSO” refers to methyl sulfoxide. The term “DMF” refers to N,N-dimethylformamide. The term “halogen” or “halo” refers to fluorine, bromine, iodine, or chlorine. The term “ambient temperature” or “room temperature” often abbreviated as “RT”, for example, in reference to a chemical reaction mixture temperature, refers to a temperature in the range of 20° C. to 30° C. The compounds of formula I of the present invention can be synthesized by methods that are individually known to one skilled in the art from intermediate compounds readily available in commerce.

Scheme 1 below illustrates a general procedure for synthesizing those compounds of formula I, where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m, p, and q are 0; r is 1, forming an N-oxide; and s is 1; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³, where R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen:

In a first step as set forth in Scheme 1, an appropriately substituted methanol (C), for example, 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]hydroxymethyl}piperidine, was treated with trifluoroacetic acid at reduced temperature, yielding the corresponding unsaturated methylene derivative (D), for example, 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidine. Intermediate (D) was then reacted with an appropriately substituted phenyl bromide, for example, 4-nitrophenylmethyl bromide, under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, providing the 1-substituted pyridyl derivative (E), for example, 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl]piperidine. Intermediate (E) was then hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst, for example, 5% palladium on carbon, at elevated temperature thereby reducing the nitro group to the amino group, providing 4-[(4-{bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidyl)methyl]phenylamine (F). Intermediate (F) was in turn reacted with an alkyl haloformate, for example, ethyl chloroformate, under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding alkyl carboxamide, for example N-{4-[(4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}-piperidyl)methyl]phenyl}ethoxycarboxamide, a compound of formula I. The so-prepared carboxamide was then converted to the corresponding 1-oxypiperidyl derivative (an N-oxide) by treating it with, for example, 30% hydrogen peroxide in methanol, to provide additional compounds of formula I. Example 1, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis.

Scheme 2 below illustrates a general procedure for synthesizing those compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (a) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹, where R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen:

In one syntheses, as depicted in Scheme 2, Intermediate (J1) was first prepared by reacting an appropriate formaldehyde, for example (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)formaldehyde, with sodium borohydride at reduced temperature in an appropriate solvent, yielding the corresponding substituted methanol derivative, for example, (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methanol; which was in turn reacted with thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of pyridine, at reduced temperature in an appropriate solvent, yielding, for example, (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl chloride (J1). In a second syntheses, as depicted in Scheme 2, an appropriate carboxaldehyde, for example, 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, was reacted with a Grignard Reagent, for example, 4-trifluoromethylphenylmagnesium bromide, at an elevated temperature in an appropriate solvent, yielding the corresponding pyridylmethanol, for example, 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-pyridylmethanol (G). Intermediate (G) was then converted to its hydrochloride salt (H) by treating it with hydrogen chloride gas in an appropriate solvent. The so-formed salt (H) was then hydrogenated in the presence of platinum oxide, affording the corresponding piperidylmethanol, for example, the hydrochloride salt of 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-piperidylmethanol (J). To substitute the 1-position of the piperidine ring, intermediate (J) was reacted with intermediate (J1) under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, providing the corresponding methanol derivative (K), for example, {1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol. Intermediate (K) was then reacted with an appropriate isocyanate, for example, 4-chlorophenylisocyanate, under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding compound, for example, N-(4-chlorophenyl)({1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy)carboxamide, a compound of formula I. Example 2, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis. The so-prepared carboxamide set forth in Example 2 was converted to the corresponding 1-oxypiperidyl derivative (an N-oxide) by treating it with, for example, 50% hydrogen peroxide in an appropriate solvent. Example 6, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis. A similar procedure as depicted in Scheme 2 was used to prepare analogous compounds where A is C, forming a 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine ring. Example 5, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis.

Scheme 3 below illustrates a general procedure for synthesizing those compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (a) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen:

As depicted in Scheme 3, the known compound, for example, 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole (O) was reacted with ethyl isonipecotate under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, providing the corresponding ester (P), for example, ethyl 1-{[4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylate, which was in turn converted to its piperidinecarboxylic acid (Q) by reacting it with aqueous sodium hydroxide in an appropriate solvent, affording, for example, 1-{[4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidinecarboxylic acid. Intermediate (Q) was then reacted with, for example, N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride and diethylcyanophosphonate, under basic conditions at reduced temperature in an appropriate solvent, yielding the corresponding piperidine carboxamine (R), for example, 1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamide. Intermediate (R) was reacted with a Grignard Reagent, for example, 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylmagnesium bromide, in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding ketone (T), for example, 1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone. Intermediate (T) was in turn reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride at an elevated temperature under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, yielding the corresponding hydroxyimino (U) intermediate, for example, (hydroxyimino)(1-[[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl]}(4-piperidyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methane. Intermediate (U) was then reacted with, for example, lithium aluminum hydride, then with ammonium chloride in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding amine (V) derivative, for example, 1-[[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamine. The amine (V) was in turn reacted with an appropriate halide, such as 1-propanesulfonyl chloride, under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, affording a compound of formula I, for example, [(1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]methyl]propylsulfonylamide. Example 3, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis.

Scheme 4 below illustrates another general procedure for synthesizing those compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (a) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R ²⁶; where R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen:

As depicted in Scheme 4, a cyanopyridine (W), for example 4-cyanopyridine, was reacted with a Grignard Reagent, for example, 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylmagnesium bromide, in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding ketone (X), for example, 4-pyridyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone, which was, in turn converted to its hydrochloride salt (Y), by reacting it with hydrogen chloride gas in an appropriate solvent. Intermediate (Y) was in turn hydrogenated in the presence platinum oxide and in an appropriate solvent, providing the corresponding methanol (Z), for example, 4-piperidyl[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methanol, hydrochloride. To substitute the 1-position of the piperidine ring, intermediate (Z) was reacted with an appropriate methyl halide, for example, 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole, under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding methanol (AA) derivative, for example, {1-[(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methanol. Intermediate (AA) was in turn treated with sodium hydride at elevated temperature, and then it was reacted with an appropriate halide, for example, 2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine, affording a pyridine derivative, for example, 2-[(1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methoxy]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, a compound of formula I. Example 4, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis.

Scheme 5 below illustrates a general procedure for synthesizing those compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (a) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring, where B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen:

As depicted in Scheme 5, Intermediate (M), for example, 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetraazole, was prepared by reacting an appropriate toluonitrile, for example para-toluonitrile, with sodium azide at elevated temperature in an appropriate solvent. Intermediate (M) was then alkylated with an appropriate iodoalkane under basic conditions, affording the corresponding alkylated tetraazole (N), for example, 2-ethyl-5-(4methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetraazole. Intermediate (N) was in turn brominated with, for example, N-bromosuccinimide at elevated temperature in an appropriate solvent, providing the corresponding bromomethyl derivative (O), for example, 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole. Intermediate (O) was then reacted with ethyl isonipecotate under basic conditions in an appropriate solvent, providing the corresponding ester (P), for example, ethyl 1-{[4-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylate, which was in turn converted to its piperidinecarboxylic acid (Q) by reacting it with aqueous sodium hydroxide in an appropriate solvent, affording, for example, 1-{[4-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidinecarboxylic acid. Intermediate (Q) was then reacted with, for example, N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride and diethylcyanophosphonate, under basic conditions at reduced temperature in an appropriate solvent, yielding the corresponding piperidine carboxamine (R), for example, 1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamide. Intermediate (R) was reacted with a Grignard Reagent, for example, 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylmagnesium bromide, in an appropriate solvent, affording the corresponding ketone (S), for example, 1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl ketone. The ketone (S) is then halogenated with, for example, phosphorous oxychloride in an appropriate solvent, yielding the corresponding halogen compound (S1), for example, {4-[chloro(1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))methyl]phenoxy}trifluoromethane. Intermediate (S1) is in turn reacted with, for example, an appropriate phenol, such as 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenol in an appropriate solvent, providing the corresponding phenoxy derivative, a compound of formula I, for example, 1-[(1-[[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidylidene))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methoxy]-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene. Example 11, set forth below provides a detailed procedure for this synthesis.

Examples 7, 8, 9, and 10, set forth below provide detailed procedures for the synthesis of other compounds of formula I, prepared by methods derived from those procedures provided in Schema 1–4 and the Examples associated with these schema.

One skilled in the art will, of course, recognize that the formulation and mode of application of a toxicant may affect the activity of the material in a given application. Thus, for agricultural use the present insecticidal compounds may be formulated as a granular of relatively large particle size (for example, 8/16 or 4/8 US Mesh), as water-soluble or water-dispersible granules, as powdery dusts, as wettable powders, as emulsifiable concentrates, as aqueous emulsions, as solutions, or as any of other known types of agriculturally-useful formulations, depending on the desired mode of application. It is to be understood that the amounts specified in this specification are intended to be approximate only, as if the word “about” were placed in front of the amounts specified.

These insecticidal compositions may be applied either as water-diluted sprays, or dusts, or granules to the areas in which suppression of insects is desired. These formulations may contain as little as 0.1%, 0.2% or 0.5% to as much as 95% or more by weight of active ingredient.

Dusts are free flowing admixtures of the active ingredient with finely divided solids such as talc, natural clays, kieselguhr, flours such as walnut shell and cottonseed flours, and other organic and inorganic solids which act as dispersants and carriers for the toxicant; these finely divided solids have an average particle size of less than about 50 microns. A typical dust formulation useful herein is one containing 1.0 part or less of the insecticidal compound and 99.0 parts of talc.

Wettable powders, also useful formulations for insecticides, are in the form of finely divided particles that disperse readily in water or other dispersant. The wettable powder is ultimately applied to the locus where insect control is needed either as a dry dust or as an emulsion in water or other liquid. Typical carriers for wettable powders include Fuller's earth, kaolin clays, silicas, and other highly absorbent, readily wet inorganic diluents. Wettable powders normally are prepared to contain about 5–80% of active ingredient, depending on the absorbency of the carrier, and usually also contain a small amount of a wetting, dispersing or emulsifying agent to facilitate dispersion. For example, a useful wettable powder formulation contains 80.0 parts of the insecticidal compound, 17.9 parts of Palmetto clay, and 1.0 part of sodium lignosulfonate and 0.3 part of sulfonated aliphatic polyester as wetting agents. Additional wetting agent and/or oil will frequently be added to a tank mix for to facilitate dispersion on the foliage of the plant.

Other useful formulations for insecticidal applications are emulsifiable concentrates (ECs) which are homogeneous liquid compositions dispersible in water or other dispersant, and may consist entirely of the insecticidal compound and a liquid or solid emulsifying agent, or may also contain a liquid carrier, such as xylene, heavy aromatic naphthas, isphorone, or other non-volatile organic solvents. For insecticidal application these concentrates are dispersed in water or other liquid carrier and normally applied as a spray to the area to be treated. The percentage by weight of the essential active ingredient may vary according to the manner in which the composition is to be applied, but in general comprises 0.5 to 95% of active ingredient by weight of the insecticidal composition.

Flowable formulations are similar to ECs, except that the active ingredient is suspended in a liquid carrier, generally water. Flowables, like ECs, may include a small amount of a surfactant, and will typically contain active ingredients in the range of 0.5 to 95%, frequently from 10 to 50%, by weight of the composition. For application, flowables may: be diluted in water or other liquid vehicle, and are normally applied as a spray to the area to be treated.

Typical wetting, dispersing or emulsifying agents used in agricultural formulations include, but are not limited to, the alkyl and alkylaryl sulfonates and sulfates and their sodium salts; alkylaryl polyether alcohols; sulfated higher alcohols; polyethylene oxides; sulfonated animal and vegetable oils; sulfonated petroleum oils; fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols and the ethylene oxide addition products of such esters; and the addition product of long-chain mercaptans and ethylene oxide. Many other types of useful surface-active agents are available in commerce. Surface-active agents, when used, normally comprise 1 to 15% by weight of the composition.

Other useful formulations include suspensions of the active ingredient in a relatively non-volatile solvent such as water, corn oil, kerosene, propylene glycol, or other suitable solvents.

Still other useful formulations for insecticidal applications include simple solutions of the active ingredient in a solvent in which it is completely soluble at the desired concentration, such as acetone, alkylated naphthalenes, xylene, or other organic solvents. Granular formulations, wherein the toxicant is carried on relative coarse particles, are of particular utility for aerial distribution or for penetration of cover crop canopy. Pressurized sprays, typically aerosols wherein the active ingredient is dispersed in finely divided form as a result of vaporization of a low-boiling dispersant solvent carrier may also be used. Water-soluble or water-dispersible granules are free flowing, non-dusty, and readily water-soluble or water-miscible. In use by the farmer on the field, the granular formulations, emulsifiable concentrates, flowable concentrates, aqueous emulsions, solutions, etc., may be diluted with water to give a concentration of active ingredient in the range of say 0.1% or 0.2% to 1.5% or 2%.

The active insecticidal compounds of this invention may be formulated and/or applied with one or more second compounds. Such combinations may provide certain advantages, such as, without limitation, exhibiting synergistic effects for greater control of insect pests, reducing rates of application of insecticide thereby minimizing any impact to the environment and to worker safety, controlling a broader spectrum of insect pests, safening of crop plants to phytotoxicity, and improving tolerance by non-pest species, such as mammals and fish.

Second compounds include, without limitation, other pesticides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, soil conditioners, or other agricultural chemicals. In applying an active compound of this invention, whether formulated alone or with other agricultural chemicals, an effective amount and concentration of the active compound is of course employed; the amount may vary in the range of, e.g. about 0.001 to about 3 kg/ha, preferably about 0.03 to about 1 kg/ha. For field use, where there are losses of insecticide, higher application rates (e.g., four times the rates mentioned above) may be employed.

When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other pesticides such as herbicides, the herbicides include, without limitation, for example: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (“glyphosate”); aryloxyalkanoic acids such as (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (“2,4-D”), (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (“MCPA”), (+/−)-2-(4chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid (“MCPP”); ureas such as N,N-dimethyl-N′-[4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]urea (“isoproturon”); imidazolinones such as 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (“imazapyr”), a reaction product comprising (+/−)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-4-methylbenzoic acid and (+/−)2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-methylbenzoic acid (“imazamethabenz”), (+/−)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (“imazethapyr”), and (+/−)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (“imazaquin”); diphenyl ethers such as 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid (“acifluorfen”), methyl 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoate (“bifenox”), and 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzamide (“fomasafen”); hydroxybenzonitriles such as 4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzonitrile (“ioxynil”) and 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile, (“bromoxynil”); sulfonylureas such as 2-[[[[(4chloro-6-methoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid (“chlorimuron”), 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide (achlorsulfuron”), 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sufonyl]methyl]benzoic acid (“bensulfuron”), 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-1-methy-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid (“pyrazosulfuron”), 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid (“thifensulfuron”), and 2-(2-chloroethoxy)-N[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide (“triasulfuron”); 2-(4-aryloxyphenoxy)alkanoic acids such as (+/−)-2[4-[(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyl)oxyl]phenoxy]propanoic acid (fenoxaprop”), (+/−)-2-[4[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid (“fluazifop”), (+/−)-2-[4-(6chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid (“quizalofop”), and (+/−) 2-[(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid (“diclofop”); benzothiadiazinones such as 3-(1-methylethyl)-1H-1,2,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide (“bentazone”); 2-chloroacetanilides such as N-(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide (“butachlor”), 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide (“metolachlor”), 2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)acetamide (“acetochlor”), and (RS)-2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide (“dimethenamide”); arenecarboxylic acids such as 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (“dicamba”); pyridyloxyacetic acids such as [(4-amino-3,5-dichlioro-6-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acid (“fluroxypyr”), and other herbicides.

When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other pesticides such as other insecticides, the other insecticides include, for example: organophosphate insecticides, such as chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, malathion, parathion-methyl, and terbufos; pyrethroid insecticides, such as fenvalerate, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, cyfluthrin, flucythrinate, alpha-cypermethrin, biphenthrin, resolved cyhalothrin, etofenprox, esfenvalerate, tralomehtrin, tefluthrin, cycloprothrin, betacyfluthrin, and acrinathrin; carbamate insecticides, such as aldecarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, and methomyl; organochlorine insecticides, such as endosulfan, endrin, heptachlor, and lindane; benzoylurea insecticides, such as diflubenuron, triflumuron, teflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flucycloxuron, hexaflumuron, flufenoxuron, and lufenuron; and other insecticides, such as arnitraz, clofentezine, fenpyroximate, hexythiazox, spinosad, and imidacloprid.

When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other pesticides such as fungicides, the fungicides include, for example: benzimidazine fungicides, such as benomyl, carbendazim, thiabendazine, and thiophanate-methyl; 1,2,4-triazine fungicides, such as epoxyconazine, cyproconazine, flusilazine, flutriafol, propiconazine, tebuconazine, triadimefon, and triadimenol; substituted anilide fungicides, such as metalaxyl, oxadixyl, procymidone, and vinclozolin; organophosphorus fungicides, such as fosetyl, iprobenfos, pyrazophos, edifenphos, and tolclofos-methyl; morpholine fungicides, such as fenpropimorph, tridemorph, and dodemorph; other systemic fungicides, such as fenarimol, imazalii, prochloraz, tricyclazine, and triforine; dithiocarbamate fungicides, such as mancozeb, maneb, propineb, zineb, and ziram; non-systemic fungicides, such as chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid, dithianon, and iprodione, captan, dinocap, dodine, fluazinam, gluazatine, PCNB, pencycuron, quintozene, tricylamide, and validamycin; inorganic fungicides, such as copper and sulphur products, and other fungicides.

When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other pesticides such as nematicides, the nematicides include, for example: carbofuran, carbosulfan, turbufos, aldecarb, ethoprop, fenamphos, oxamyl, isazofos, cadusafos, and other nematicides.

When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other materials such as plant growth regulators, the plant growth regulators include, for example: maleic hydrazide, chlormequat, ethephon, gibberellin, mepiquat, thidiazon, inabenfide, triaphenthenol, paclobutrazol, unaconazol, DCPA, prohexadione, trinexapac-ethyl, and other plant growth regulators.

Soil conditioners are materials which, when added to the soil, promote a variety of benefits for the efficacious growth of plants. Soil conditioners are used to reduce soil compaction, promote and increase effectiveness of drainage, improve soil permeability, promote optimum plant nutrient content in the soil, and promote better pesticide and fertilizer incorporation. When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other materials such as soil conditioners, the soil conditioners include organic matter, such as humus, which promotes retention of cation plant nutrients in the soil; mixtures of cation nutrients, such as calcium, magnesium, potash, sodium, and hydrogen complexes; or microorganism compositions which promote conditions in the soil favorable to plant growth. Such microorganism compositions include, for example, bacillus, pseudomonas, azotobacter, azospirillum, rhizobiuni, and soil-borne cyanobacteria.

Fertilizers are plant food supplements, which commonly contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. When the active insecticidal compounds of the present invention are used in combination with one or more of second compounds, e.g., with other materials such as fertilizers, the fertilizers include nitrogen fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and bone meal; phosphate fertilizers, such as superphosphate, triple superphosphate, ammonium sulfate, and diammonium sulfate; and potassium fertilizers, such as muriate of potash, potassium sulfate, and potassium nitrate, and other fertilizers.

The following examples further illustrate the present invention, but, of course, should not be construed as in any way limiting its scope. The examples are organized to present protocols for the synthesis of the compounds of formula I of the present invention, set forth a list of such synthesized species, and set forth certain biological data indicating the efficacy of such compounds.

EXAMPLE 1

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of N-{4-[(4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidyl)methyl]phenyl}ethoxycarboxamide, N-oxide (Compound 101 in table below)

Step A Synthesis of 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidine as an intermediate

A solution of 10.0 grams (0.025 mole) of 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]hydroxymethyl}piperidine (known compound) in 50 mL of trifluoroacetic acid was heated to 70° C. where it stirred for four hours. After this time, excess trifluoroacetic acid was removed by distillation. The residue remaining from the distillation was added drop wise to ice water. Upon completion of addition, the mixture was neutralized with an aqueous solution saturated with potassium carbonate. The mixture was then extracted with methylene chloride, and the extract was washed with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue, and the residue was crystallized in hexane, yielding in two crops, 9.1 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step B Synthesis of 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl]piperidine as an intermediate

A stirred mixture of 3.8 grams (0.010 mole) of 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidine, 2.2 grams (0.010 mole) of 4-nitrophenylmethyl bromide, and 1.7 grams (0.012 mole) of potassium carbonate in about 20 mL of ethanol was warmed to 75° C., where it stirred for about 18 hours. After this time, an additional 0.2 gram (0.001 mole) of 4-nitrophenylmethyl bromide and an additional 0.2 gram (0.001 mole) of potassium carbonate was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was again heated to 75° C., where it stirred for about eight hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was cooled and filtered to remove excess potassium carbonate. The reaction mixture was then taken up in acetic acid, and 0.2 gram (catalyst) of 5% platinum on carbon was added to the mixture in preparation for the following hydrogenation step. A quantitative yield of the subject compound was assumed.

Step C Synthesis of 4-[(4-{bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidyl) methyl]phenylamine as an intermediate

The reaction product from Step B of this example and 5% platinum on carbon in acetic acid was stirred at 75° C. for about 18 hours while hydrogen gas was bubbled into the reaction mixture. Analysis of the reaction mixture after this time indicated that the hydrogenation had not taken place. A mixture of 1:1 ethanol:acetic acid and 3.0 grams of iron powder was added to the reaction mixture and the hydrogenation was continued at 65° C. during a one hour period. Analysis of the reaction mixture after this time indicated that the hydrogenation was complete. The reaction mixture was then cooled and filtered through diatomaceous earth. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was dissolved in methylene chloride and the solution was washed with water, and then with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium carbonate. The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 4.2 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step D Synthesis of N-{4-[(4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidyl)methyl]phenyl}ethoxycarboxamide as an intermediate (Compound 55 in table below)

A stirred solution of 0.52 gram (0.001 1 mole) of 4-[(4-{bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidyl)methyl]phenylamine and 0.20 gram (0.0020 mole) of triethylamine in 5 mL of ethyl acetate was cooled to 0–5° C., and 0.11 gram (0.0010 mole) of ethyl chloroformate was added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred for about ten minutes. After this time, the reaction mixture was washed with a saturated solution saturated with potassium carbonate and then it concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using mixtures of ethyl acetate and hexane as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.12 gram of Compound 144. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step E Synthesis of Compound 101

A solution of 0.06 gram (0.00011 mole) of Compound 144 in 3 mL of methanol was stirred, and 1.5 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide was added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture became cloudy and additional methanol was added to keep the reaction mixture clear. The reaction mixture was stirred for about three days at ambient temperature, during which time an additional 0.5 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide was added to drive the reaction to completion. After this time, the reaction mixture was extracted with methylene chloride, and the extract was concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.06 gram of Compound 101. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 2

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of N-(4-chlorophenyl)({1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy)carboxamide (Compound 227 in table below)

Step A Synthesis of (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methanol as an intermediate

A stirred solution of 15.3 grams (0.077 mole) of (4-(2-pyridyloxy))formaldehyde (a known compound) in 150 mL of methanol was cooled to 0–5° C., and 3.2 grams (0.085 mole) of sodium borohydride was added portion wise. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature where it stirred for 30 minutes. After this time, the reaction mixture was cooled to 5° C. and 150 mL of water was carefully added to destroy excess sodium borohydride. The mixture was cooled to 0° C. and neutralized with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Excess acid was added causing the mixture to be acidic. The mixture was brought to neutrality by the addition of solid sodium bicarbonate. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove some of the methanol. The concentrate was taken up in ethyl acetate and washed with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 12.6 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step B Synthesis of (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl chloride as an intermediate

A stirred solution of 4.4 gram (0.037 mole) of thionyl chloride in 75 mL of dry methylene chloride was cooled to 0° C., and 0.07 gram (catalyst) of pyridine was added. A solution of 5.0 grams (0.025 mole) of (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methanol in 25 mL of methylene chloride was then added drop wise. Upon completion addition of addition, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 22° C. where it stirred for 30 minutes. After this time an aliquot of the reaction mixture was taken up in ethyl acetate and treated with solid sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure. Inasmuch as this compound is unstable, it was used without further purification. The yield was estimated at about 5.0 grams.

Step C Synthesis of 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-pyridylmethanol as an intermediate

A solution of 4-bromobenzotrifluoride in 62 mL of THF was carefully added to a mixture of 1.9 grams (0.079 mole) of magnesium turnings and an iodine crystal (catalyst), during a period of 60 minutes while maintaining the reaction mixture at a temperature of no higher than 40° C. After this time, the reaction mixture was stirred and a solution of 5.0 grams (0.047 mole) of 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde in 45 mL of THF was added dropwise. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for about 16 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to 0° C. and a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution saturated with ammonium chloride was added to quench the reaction. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the extract was washed with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The extract was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding about 15.2 grams of crude product.

Step D Synthesis of 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-piperidylmethanol, hydrochloride Salt as an intermediate

A solution of 6.4 grams (0.020 mole) of 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-pyridylmethanol in 80 mL of ethyl acetate was stirred, and dry hydrogen chloride gas was bubbled through the solution, thereby forming the hydrochloride salt of the pyridylmethanol intermediate. The salt was collected by filtration and washed with a small amount of ethyl acetate. The damp solid was then dissolved in 100 mL of methanol and placed in a Parr hydrogenation bottle, along with 0.5 gram (catalyst) of platinum oxide. The mixture was then hydrogenated at 45 pounds per square inch (psi) for about 75 minutes, using a Parr Hydrogenator. An NMR taken of the reaction mixture indicated that the reaction was about 90% complete. An additional 0.25 gram of platinum oxide catalyst was added to the reaction mixture, and the hydrogenation at 45 psi was continued for an additional 60 minutes. After this time, the reaction mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth. The filter cake was washed with methylene chloride and the combined wash and filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 5.2 grams of subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure. The reaction was repeated.

Step E Synthesis of {1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol as an intermediate

A solution of 6.1 grams (0.021 mole) of 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-piperidylmethanol, hydrochloride salt in 31 mL of DMSO was stirred, and 10.7 grams (0.083 mole) of N,N-diisopropylethylamine was added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred for 10 minutes, and was then added to the 5.0 grams (0.023 mole) of (4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl chloride that was prepared in Step B of this Example. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was treated with aqueous 10% sodium carbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed with water, then with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The ethyl acetate layer was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using mixtures of acetone and methylene chloride as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 4.2 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step F Synthesis of Compound 227

A 0.06 gram (0.0004 mole) sample of 4-chlorophenylisocyanate was weighed into a two-dram vial, followed in turn by 1.2 mL of methylene chloride, 0.18 gram (0.0004 mole) of {1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol, and 0.06 mL of triethylamine. The vial was tightly capped and gently shaken at 35° C. for 16 hours using a vortex mixer. After this time, the methylene chloride was removed under a nitrogen stream to provide a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using mixtures of acetone and methylene chloride as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.2 gram of Compound 227. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 3

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of [(1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methyl]propylsulfonylamide (Compound 433 in table below)

Step A Synthesis of ethyl 1-{[4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylate as an intermediate

A solution of 30.0 grams (0.191 mole) of ethyl isonipecotate in 75 mL of DMSO and 99 mL of methanol was stirred and 61.7 grams (0.477 mole) of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, followed by 40.2 grams (0.159 mole) of 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole (known compound-U.S. Pat. No. 5,639,763) were added. Upon completion of addition the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for about 72 hours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with 175 mL of ethyl acetate and washed with 175 mL of a solution comprised of one part of an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride and one part of water. The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. NMR analysis of the residue indicated the presence of some of the starting ethyl isonipecotate. The residue was dissolved in 370 mL of methanol and water was added to precipitate a solid material. After standing for about 20 minutes, the solid was collected by filtration and was washed with a cold solution of one part methanol and one part of water. The solid was dried, yielding 32.9 grams of the subject compound. A second crop of solid was collected from the filtrate, yielding an additional 11.0 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectra were consistent with the proposed structure.

Step B Synthesis of 1-{[4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidinecarboxylic acid as an intermediate

A solution of 51.6 grams (0.157 mole) of ethyl 1-{[4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylate in 264 mL of THF was stirred, and a solution of 6.9 grams (0.172 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 186 mL of water, followed by 160 mL of methanol were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for two hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was dissolved in 250 mL of water and the solution was cooled to about 4° C. The solution was then neutralized with concentrated hydrochloric acid, yielding a solid. The water was removed under a stream of nitrogen during about a 60 hour period. The resultant solid was dried in a vacuum oven, yielding 53.4 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step C Synthesis of 1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamide as an intermediate

A solution of 47.2 grams (0.157 mole) of 1-{[4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidinecarboxylic acid in 675 mL of DMF was stirred, and 18.3 grams (0.188 mole) of N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride was added. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C., and 30.7 grams (0.188 mole) of diethyl cyanophosphonate, followed by 34.9 grams (0.345 mole) of triethylamine were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature as it stirred for two hours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate and a 1:1 solution of an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride and water. The aqueous layer was separated from the organic layer and washed with ethyl acetate. The wash was then combined with the organic layer, and the combination was washed with one portion of water, and then with four 150 mL portions of an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The mixture was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 44.1 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step D Synthesis of 1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone as an intermediate

To a Grignard Reagent prepared from 46.2 grams (0.192 mole) of 1-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxybenzene and 5.0 grams (0.205 gram-atom) of magnesium metal in 133 mL of THF was added a solution of 44.1 grams (0.128 mole) of 1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamide in 65 mL of THF. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to 60° C., where it stirred for an additional 60 minutes. After this time, the reaction mixture was poured into a cold solution of 15.5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid in 101.5 mL of ethanol, and stirred for five minutes. The mixture was diluted methylene chloride and washed with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was washed with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride, dried with sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue, yielding 58.5 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step E Synthesis of (hydroxyimino)(1-[[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl]}(4-piperidyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methane as an intermediate

A solution of 40.0 grams (0.090 mole) of 1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone in 641 mL of ethanol was stirred and 6.3 grams (0.091 mole) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, followed by 9.1 grams (0.090 mole) of triethylamine were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to reflux where it stirred 16 hours. After this time an additional 0.1 equivalent each of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and triethylamine were added to the reaction mixture, and heating under reflux was continued for another three hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was dissolved in methylene chloride and washed in turn with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium bicarbonate and an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was dried under reduced pressure, yielding 39.9 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step F Synthesis of 1-[[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamine as an intermediate

A stirred solution of 39.9 grams (0.087 mole) of (hydroxyimino)(1-[[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl]}(4-piperidyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methane in 100 mL of THF was cooled to −10° C., and 19.1 mL (0.191 mole-1M in THF) of lithium aluminum hydride was added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to 65° C. where it stirred for 2.5 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was cooled to about ambient temperature and added by cannulation to a cold, stirred aqueous solution saturated with ammonium chloride. The mixture was then extracted ethyl acetate, in which the extracts were separated from the aqueous layer by cannulation. The combined extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was dried, yielding 36.1 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step G Synthesis of Compound 433

A solution of 0.30 gram (0.0007 mole) of 1-[[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamine, 0.10 gram (0.0007 mole) of 1-propanesulfonyl chloride, and 0.11 gram (0.0011 mole) of triethylamine in 7 mL of methylene chloride was stirred at ambient temperature for about 18 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using hexane, ethyl acetate, and mixtures thereof as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.07 gram of Compound 433. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 4

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of 2-[(1-{[4-(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methoxy]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (Compound 434 in table below)

Step A Synthesis of 4-pyridyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone as an intermediate

To a Grignard Reagent prepared from 21.3 grams (0.088 mole) of 1-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxybenzene and 2.5 grams (0.102 gram-atom) of magnesium metal was added a solution of 7.1 grams (0.068 mole) of 4-cyanopyridine in 50 mL of THF. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at 40° C. for 18 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was poured into an aqueous dilute solution of ammonium chloride, and was acidified to a pH of 3 with aqueous 10% hydrochloric acid. The mixture was extracted with methylene chloride and the combined extracts were dried with sodium sulfate. The mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using acetone, methylene chloride, and mixtures thereof as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step B Synthesis of 4-pyridyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone hydrochloride as an intermediate

A solution of 20.0 grams (0.075 mole) of 4-pyridyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone in 350 mL of ethanol was stirred as hydrogen chloride gas was bubbled through during a five minute period. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred for one hour, and then it was filtered to collect a solid. The solid was washed with three portions of diethyl ether, and dried in a vacuum oven, yielding about 22.0 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step C Synthesis of 4-piperidyl[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methanol, hydrochloride as an intermediate

Platinum oxide, 1.0 gram (catalyst) was added to a 2000 mL Parr hydrogenation bottle, and the bottle was purged with dry nitrogen. To the bottle was then added 1.0 gram of platinum oxide and a solution of 22.0 grams (0.072 mole) of 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone hydrochloride in 750 mL of ethanol. The bottle was placed in a Parr hydrogenator, and the contents of the bottle were subjected to hydrogenation conditions. When the theoretical amount of hydrogen gas was taken up, the bottle was removed from the hydrogenator, and the contents filtered through diatomaceous earth. The filter cake was washed with methylene chloride, and the combined filtrate and washes were concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step D Synthesis of {1-[(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methanol as an intermediate

This compound was prepared in a manner analogous to that of Step E of Example 3, using 7.0 grams (0.026 mole) of 4-piperidyl[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methanol, hydrochloride, 6.8 grams (0.026 mole) of 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole (prepared in a manner analogous to that of Steps A–C of Example 4), and 9.9 grams (0.077 mole) of N,N-diisopropylethylamine in about 40 mL of DMSO. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step E Synthesis of Compound 434

A stirred mixture of 0.89 gram (0.002 mole) of {1-[(2-methyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))methyl](4-piperidyl))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methanol, 0.36 gram (0.002 mole) of 2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine, and 0.08 gram (0.002 mole) of 60% sodium hydride (in mineral oil) in about 10 mL of DMSO was heated at 85–90° C. for three hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature, and then it was poured into water. The mixture was extracted with diethyl ether and the combined extracts were dried with magnesium sulfate. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using mixtures of methylene chloride and methanol eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.63 gram of Compound 434. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 5

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of N-(3,5-difluorophenyl)({1-[(4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methyl](4-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy)carboxamide (Compound 786 in table below)

Step A Synthesis of 2-[4-(chloromethyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine as an intermediate

A stirred solution of 4.0 grams (0.02 mole) of (4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methanol (known compound) and seven drops of pyridine in 35 mL of methylene chloride was cooled in an ice-water bath and a solution of 2.0 mL (0.027 mole) of thionyl chloride was added dropwise. Upon completion of addition the reaction mixture was stirred at about 10° C. to 20° C. during a three-hour period. After this time, the reaction mixture was poured into a cold aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The mixture was then stirred for 30 minutes and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with one 50 mL portion of methylene chloride. The extract was combined with the organic layer, and the combination was passed through silicone-coated filter paper to remove traces of water. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step B Synthesis of 4-pyridyl[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol as an intermediate

Under a dry nitrogen atmosphere, an appropriate amount of freshly cut magnesium chips was suspended in 150 mL of THF. To this was added about 5% of a solution of 22.5 grams (0.100 mole) of 4-bromobenzotrifluoride in 75 mL of THF. The reaction mixture was then warmed to about 30° C. to initiate the reaction. Once the reaction was proceeding, the remainder of the solution of 4-bromobenzotrifluoride was added during a one hour period, at a rate to maintain the reaction mixture temperature at about 34° C. to about 38° C. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred during a one hour period, as it cooled to ambient temperature. After this time a solution of 8.5 grams (0.075 mole) of 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde in 75 mL of THF was added portion wise while maintaining the reaction mixture temperature below 30° C. Upon completion of addition the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for about 18 hours. With vigorous stirring the reaction mixture was then poured into 600 mL of aqueous 10% ammonium chloride. The mixture was extracted with two 300 mL portions of ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were washed with 250 mL of an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride, then dried with magnesium sulfate. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 21.2 grams of the subject compound. The product was used without purification in the following reaction.

Step C Synthesis of 4-pyridyl[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol hydrochloride salt as an intermediate

A solution of 21.2 grams (0.070 mole) of 4-pyridyl[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol in 500 mL of ethyl acetate was stirred vigorously and anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas was slowly added during a 15 minute period, below the surface of the solution. The reaction mixture was then stirred for an additional 15 minutes, and a solid was collected by filtration. The solid was washed with ethyl acetate and dried, yielding 11.4 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step D Synthesis of {1-[(4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methyl](4-pyridyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol, hydrochloride salt as an intermediate

A 3.3 gram (0.0113 mole) aliquot of 4-pyridyl[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol, hydrochloride salt was partitioned between diethyl ether and an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The ether layer was separated and dried with magnesium sulfate. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was dissolved in 100 mL of acetone, and 2.5 grams (0.0113 mole) of 2-[4-(chloromethyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine and 0.2 gram (0.0012 mole) of potassium iodide were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to 50° C. where it stirred for about 18 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue, and the residue was triturated with 150 mL of diethyl ether, yielding when dried, 5.2 grams of solid product. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step E Synthesis of {1-[(4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methyl](4-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol as an intermediate

A stirred solution of 1.0 gram (0.0021 mole) of {1-[(4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methyl](4-pyridyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol, hydrochloride salt in 30 mL of ethanol was cooled in an ice-water bath, and 0.1 gram (0.0026 mole) of sodium borohydride was added in one portion. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at about 10° C. to 20° C. during a three-hour period. After this time the reaction mixture was diluted with 100 mL of water and extracted with two 75 mL portions of ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were washed with one 75 mL portion of aqueous 10% lithium chloride, and the combination was dried with sodium sulfate. The mixture was then filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on neutral alumina (6% water) using 1% to 2% methanol/methylene chloride mixtures as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.44 gram of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step F Synthesis of Compound 786

This compound was prepared in a manner analogous to that of Step F of Example 2, using 0.44 gram (0.0010 mole) of {1-[(4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methyl](4-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol, 0.21 gram (0.0014 mole) of 3,5-difluorophenylisocyanate, 0.14 gram (0.0014 mole) of triethylamine, and 0.05 gram (catalyst) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine in 15 mL of methylene chloride. The reaction product was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using 10% to 25% acetone/methylene chloride mixtures as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 0.18 gram of Compound 786, mp 85–92° C. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 6

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of N-(4-chlorophenyl)({1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-(1-oxypiperidyl))}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy)carboxamide (Compound 395 in table below)

A solution of 12.9 grams (0.0216 mole) of Compound 227 (prepared by the method of Example 2) and 390 grams of methanol was stirred, and 117.7 grams (1.7315 moles) of aqueous 50% hydrogen peroxide was added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred during a 48 hour period as it was being monitored by high pressure liquid chromatography and NMR analyses for completion of reaction. After this time the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the methanol, and then the concentrate was extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride was removed under reduced pressure, leaving a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on neutral alumina (6% water) using 1% to 2% methanol/methylene chloride mixtures as eluants. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 9.2 grams of Compound 395. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 7

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of N-(4-chlorophenyl)({1-ethoxy-1-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)methyl](4-piperidyl)}[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy)carboxamide, ethyl sulfate salt (Compound 860 in table below)

A stirred solution of 0.5 gram (0.0008 mole) of Compound 493 (prepared in Example 6) and 0.25 gram (0.0016 mole) of diethyl sulfate in 10 mL of chloroform was heated at reflux during a 24 hour period. After this time the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was triturated with diethyl ether during a 24 hour period, then washed with fresh diethyl ether. The residue was dried under reduced pressure at 60° C., yielding 0.57 gram of solid material. The solid was dissolved in one mL of chloroform, and re-precipitated with about 10 mL of diethyl ether. The chloroform was decanted and the remaining solid was dried under reduced pressure at 60° C., yielding 0.45 gram of Compound 860. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 8

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of 2-{4-[{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidyl)methyl]phenoxy}pyrimidine (Compound 824 in table below) as an intermediate

This compound was prepared in a manner analogous to that of Step B of Example 1, using 26.0 grams (0.1011 mole) of 2-[4-(chloromethyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine hydrochloride (prepared in a manner analogous to Step A of Example 7) and 34.0 grams (0.0882 mole) of 4-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}piperidine (prepared in Step A of Example 2), 36.0 grams (0.2604 mole) of potassium carbonate in 200 grams of DMF. The yield of Compound 824 was 41.0 grams. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 9

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of 2-{4-[{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}1-oxypiperidyl)methyl]phenoxy}pyrimidine (Compound 854 in table below)

This compound was prepared in a manner analogous to that of Step E of Example 1, using 40.0 grams (0.0702 mole) of Compound 824 (prepared in Example 8) and 50 grams of 30% hydrogen peroxide in 140 mL of methanol. The yield of Compound 854 was 35.0 grams. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 10

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of 2-{4-[(9-aza-3-{bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylene}bicyclo[3.3.1]non-9-yl)methyl]phenoxy}pyridine (Compound 117 in table below)

This compound was prepared in a manner analogous to that of Step A of Example 1, using 0.18 gram (0.00025 mole) of {9-aza-9-[(4-(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl)nethyl]bicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl}bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanol (known compound-disclosed in US Statutory Invention Registration H1,838) in trifluoroacetic acid, yielding Compound 117. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

EXAMPLE 11

This example illustrates one protocol for the preparation of 1-[(1-[[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidylidene))[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methoxy]-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene (Compound 137 in table below)

Step A Synthesis of 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetraazole as an intermediate

A solution of 10.0 grams (0.085 mole) of para-toluonitrile in 160 mL of DMF was stirred and 5.6 grams (0.085 mole) of sodium azide was added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to 135° C. where it stirred for three hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled and poured into 200 mL of stirred, cold aqueous 1N hydrochloric acid. Upon completion of addition, the mixture was stirred for five minutes and filtered to collect a white solid. The solid was dried for 16 hours in a vacuum oven at 35–40° C., yielding 7.1 grams of the subject compound. The reaction was repeated.

Step B Synthesis of 2-ethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetraazole as an intermediate

A solution of 20.0 grams (0.125 mole) of 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetraazole in 230 mL of acetonitrile was stirred and 48.7 grams (0.312 mole) of iodoethane, followed by 17.3 grams (0.125 mole) of potassium carbonate were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to reflux, where it stirred for two hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was taken up in ethyl acetate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using 1:4 ethyl acetate:hexane as an eluant. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 18.8 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step C Synthesis of 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole as an intermediate

A solution of 18.8 grams (0.100 mole) of 2-ethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetraazole in 156 mL of carbon tetrachloride was stirred, and 19.6 grams (0.110 mole) of N-bromosuccinimide, followed by 0.24 gram (0.001 mole) of benzoyl peroxide were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was heated to reflux where it stirred for 90 minutes. After this time the reaction mixture was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 27.7 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step D Synthesis of ethyl 1-{[4-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylate as an intermediate

A solution of 16.0 grams (0.102 mole) of ethyl isonipecotate in 50 mL of DMSO and 66 mL of methanol was stirred, and 44 mL (0.256 mole) of N,N-diisopropylethylamine, followed by 22.8 grams (0.085 mole) of 5-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazole were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for about 72 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was diluted with 130 mL of ethyl acetate, and washed with a 1:1 solution of an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride and water. The organic layer was then washed with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride and water, dried with sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was purified with column chromatography on silica gel using mixtures of methylene chloride and acetone. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 20.9 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step E Synthesis of 1-{[4-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidinecarboxylic acid as an intermediate

A solution of 20.9 grams (0.078 mole) of ethyl 1-{[4-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylate in 132 mL of THF was stirred, and a solution of 3.4 grams (0.086 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 93 mL of water, followed by 80 mL of methanol were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for two hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue. The residue was taken up in toluene and concentrated under reduced pressure to remove any remaining solvents. The residue was dissolved in 100 mL of water and extracted with diethyl ether. The aqueous layer was cooled to about −2° C., and was brought to a pH of 7 with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resultant solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried, yielding 18.2 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step F Synthesis of 1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4piperidyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamide as an intermediate

A solution of 18.2 grams (0.058 mole) of 1-{[4-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)phenyl]methyl}piperidinecarboxylic acid in 240 mL of DMF was stirred, and 6.8 grams (0.070 mole) of N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride was added. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C., and 11.3 grams (0.070 mole) of diethyl cyanophosphonate, followed by 17.8 mL (0.127 mole) of triethylamine were added. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred for two hours, and then it was diluted with ethyl acetate and a 1:1 solution of an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride and water. To aid in separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer, hexane and solid sodium chloride were added to the reaction mixture. The organic layer was organic layer was separated and washed with water, and then with an aqueous solution saturated with sodium chloride. The mixture was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 18.5 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step G Synthesis of 1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone as an intermediate

To a Grignard Reagent prepared from 9.3 grams (0.039 mole) of 1-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxybenzene and 1.0 gram (0.041 gram-atom) of magnesium metal in 27 mL of THF was added a solution of 9.3 grams (0.026 mole) of 1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamide in 13 mL of THF. Upon completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 90 minutes, and then it was warmed to 70° C., where it stirred for an additional 60 minutes. After this time, the reaction mixture was poured into a cold solution of 13 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid in 93 mL of ethanol, and stirred for ten minutes. The mixture was diluted methylene chloride and washed with an aqueous dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue, yielding 10.2 grams of the subject compound. The NMR spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.

Step H Synthesis of {4-[chloro(1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))methyl]phenoxy}trifluoromethane as an intermediate

A solution of 1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl ketone and phosphorous oxychloride in diethyl ether is heated under reflux for about two hours. After this time, the reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure to yield the subject compound.

Step I Synthesis of Compound 137

A solution of {4-[chloro(1-{[4-(2-ethyl(1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl))phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))methyl]phenoxy}trifluoromethane, 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenol and potassium carbonate in DMF is stirred at ambient temperature for about two hours. After this time the reaction mixture is poured into water and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is dried with magnesium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding compound 137.

It is well known to one of ordinary skill in the art that compounds like the compounds of formula I of the present invention can contain optically active and racemic forms. It is also well known in the art that compounds like the compounds of formula I may contain stereoisomeric forms, tautomeric forms and/or exhibit polymorphism. It is to be understood that the present invention encompasses any racemic, optically active, polymorphic, tautomeric, or stereoisomeric form, or mixtures thereof. It should be noted that it is well known in the art how to prepare optically active forms, for example by resolution of a racemic mixture, or by synthesis from optically active intermediates.

TABLE 1 Insecticidal N-substituted-4-(substituted arylmethyl)piperidines and Pyridines I

Compounds of the formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, q, r and s are 0; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; and B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², and R¹³ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R³ R⁴ R⁸ R¹¹  1 H H H H  2¹ H H H H  3⁴ H H H H  4¹ Cl H H H  5¹ H Cl H H  6¹ F H H H  7⁶ H F H F  8 H CF₃ H CF₃  9 H OCF₃ H OCF₃ 10 H C₂H₅ H C₂H₅ 11 H Cl CH₃ H 12 H OCF₃ CH₃ OCF₃ Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, q, and r are 0; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹², and R¹³ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. R²⁷/ No R³ R⁴ E x R²⁸ y R²⁹/R³⁰ R⁸ R¹⁰ R¹¹ 13 H C₂H₅ (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y) 1 H 0 — 4-fluoroindol-3-yl H C₂H₅ H 14 H H (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰⁾ _(y) 1 H 1 H indol-3-yl H H H H 15 H F (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y) 1 H 1 H 2-thioxo-1,3-dihydroquinolin-4-on-3-yl H F H H 16 H F (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y) 1 H 1 H 7-methyl-4-hydro-1,3-thiazolino[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-on-6-yl H H H H 17 H F (CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y) 1 H 1 H 7-methyl-4-hydro-1,3-thiazolino[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-on-6-yl H F H H 18¹ CF₃ H C₃H₆ — — — — piperidin-1-yl CF₃ H 19⁷ H H C₃H₆ — — — — 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolin-1-yl H H 20 H H C₄H₈ — — — — NH₂ H H 21 H H C₄H₈ — — — — benzo[c]azoline-1,3-dion-2-yl H H 22 H H C(═O)C₂H₄ — — — — morpholin-1-yl H H 23 H SCH₃ C(═O) — — — — OC(CH₃)₃ H SCH₃ 24¹ H H C₃H₆C(═O) — — — — OC(CH₃)₃ H H 25 H H C₄H₃NHC(═O) — — — — 2-(pyrid-3-yl)-ethenyl H H 26 H H C₄H₈NHC(═O) — — — — 2-(2-methylpyrid-5-yl)ethenyl H H 27 H H C(═S)NH — — — — CH₃ H H Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, q, and r are 0; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; E is, unless otherwise noted, —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y) where x is 1 and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵ and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹² R¹³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R³/R⁴ R²² R²³ R²⁴ R¹⁰/R¹¹ 28 H/F H H H H Cl 29 H/F H H H H F 30 H/CF₃ H H H H H 31 H/CF₃ H H H H F 32 H/OCF₃ H H H H H 33 H/CF₃ H H Br H CF₃ 34 H/CF₃ H H F H H 35 H/OCF₃ H H F H H 36 H/Cl H F F H H 37 H/F H F F H H 38 H/CF₃ H F F H H 39 H/Cl H H OCH₃ H H 40 H/F H H OCH₃ H H 41 H/CF₃ H H OCH₃ H H 42 H/OCF₃ H H OCH₃ H OCF₃ 43 H/C₂H₅ H H OCH₃ H C₂H₅ 44 H/OH H H OC₃H₇ H OH 45 CF₃/H H H OC₃H₇ CF₃ H 46 H/CF₃ H H OC₃H₇ H CF₃ 47 OCF₃/H H H OC₃H₇ OCF₃ H 48 H/OCF₃ H H OC₃H₇ H OCF₃ 49 H/OCF₃ OCH₃ H OC₃H₇ H OCF₃ 50 H/CF₃ H H CO₂C₂H₅ H CF₃ 51 H/CF₃ H H CO₂CH(CH₃)₂ H CF₃ 52 H/CF₃ H H NHC(═O)CH₃ H CF₃ 53 H/CF₃ H H NHC(═O)CF₃ H CF₃ 54 H/CF₃ H H NHCO₂CH₃ H CF₃ 55 H/CF₃ H H NHCO₂C₂H₅ H CF₃ 56 H/CF₃ H H N(CH₃)CO₂C₂H₅ H CF₃ 57 H/CF₃ H H NHCO₂C₃H₇ H CF₃ 58 H/CF₃ H H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ H CF₃ 59 H/CF₃ H H NHCO₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂ H CF₃ 60 H/CF₃ H H CH═NOC₂H₅ H CF₃ 61 H/CF₃ H H 1,3-thiazol-2-ylmethoxy H CF₃ 62 H/CF₃ H H pyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 63 H/CF₃ H H 3-chloropyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 64 H/OCF₃ H H 3-chloropyrid-2-yl H OCF₃ 65 H/CF₃ H H 5-chloropyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 66 H/CF₃ H H 6-chloropyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 67 H/CF₃ H H 3-trifluoromethylpyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 68 H/OCF₃ H H 3-trifluoromethylpyrid-2-yl H OCF₃ 69 H/CF₃ H H 5-trifluoromethylpyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 70 H/CF₃ H H 3-cyanopyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 71 H/CF₃ H H 5-cyanopyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 72 H/CF₃ H H 3-nitropyrid-2-yl H CF₃ 73 H/CF₃ H H 3-(methoxycarbonylamino)-py- H rid-2-yl CF₃ 74 H/CF₃ H H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl 75 H/CF₃ H H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ 76 H/Cl H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H 77 H/Cl H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl 78 H/F H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F 79 H/F H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl 80 H/CF₃ H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H 81 H/CF₃ H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F 82 H/CF₃ H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ 83^(a) —OCF₂O— H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl —OCF₂O— — 84 H/H CH₃ Cl H H H 85 H/H H H H H H ^(a)In Cmpd 83, R³ and R⁴, and R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are taken together with —OCF₂O— to form 2,2-di- fluoro[d]1,3-benzodioxolane rings. In Cmpd. 84, E is C(═S)NH, and in Cmpd. 85, E is C₂H₄C(═O). Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m and p are 0; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; and s is 1; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹², R¹³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R³ R⁴ R²² R²³ R²⁴ R¹⁰ R¹¹  86 H CF₃ H H Br H CF₃  87 H CF₃ F H Br H CF₃  88 H Cl F F H H  89 H F F F H H  90 H CF₃ F F H H  91 H Cl H OCH₃ H H  92 H F H OCH₃ H H  93 H CF₃ H OCH₃ H H  94 H CF₃ H OC₂H₅ H CF₃  95 H CF₃ H OC₃H₇ H CF₃  96 H OCF₃ H OC₃H₇ H OCF₃  97^(b) *—OCF₂CF₂— H H OC₃H₇ *—OCF₂CF₂—  98 H CF₃ H H cyclopropylmethoxy H CF₃  99 H CF₃ H H CO₂C₂H₅ H CF₃ 100 H CF₃ H H CO₂CH(CH₃)₂ H CF₃ 101 H CF₃ H H NHCO₂C₂H₅ H CF₃ 102 H CF₃ H H NHCO₂C₃H₇ H CF₃ 103 H CF₃ H H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ H CF₃ 104 H CF₃ H H NHCO₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂ H CF₃ 105 H CF₃ H H 1,3-thiazol-2-ylmethoxy H CF₃ 106 H CF₃ H H pyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ 107 H CF₃ H H 5-chloropyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ 108 H CF₃ H H 6-chloropyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ 109 H CF₃ H H 3-trifluoromethylpyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ 110 H CF₃ H H 5-trilfuoromethylpyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ 111 H CF₃ H H 5-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ 112 H CF₃ H H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ 113 H Cl H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ 114 H CF₃ H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl 115^(c) —OCF₂O— H H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl —OCF₂O— ^(b)In Cmpd 97, R³ and R⁴, and R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are taken together with —OCF₂CF₂— to form 2,2,3,3-tetra- fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan rings, where the asterisk denotes connection at R³ and at R¹⁰. ^(c)In Cmpd 115, R³ and R⁴, and R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are taken together with —OCF₂O— to form a 2,2-di- fluoro[d]1,3-benzodioxolane rings. Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m and p are 0; r is 0, and q is 1, forming an N-disubstituted derivative; and s is 1; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Comp. No. R⁴ R⁷ R¹¹ R²⁴ 116⁵ OCHF₂ 4-(C₃H₇O)PhCH₂ OCHF₂ OC₃H₇ Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m, q and r are 0; s is 1; p is other than 0, forming an azabicyclo derivative; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ D p R¹¹ R²⁴ 117 CF₃ CH₂ 3 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m is 0; q and r are 1, forming a N-substituted oxy derivative; p is other than 0, forming an azabicyclo derivative; s is 1; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; and E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R⁷ D p R¹¹ R²⁴ 118⁵ CF₃ C₂H₄CO₂C₂H₅ —CH₂— 3 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, q, and r are 0; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; R⁸ is pyrid-3-yl substituted with R²², R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R¹¹ R²⁴ 119 CF₃ CF₃ Cl 120 CF₃ CF₃ OC₃H₇ 121 CF₃ CF₃ C≡N 122 CF₃ CF₃ NHC₃H₇ 123 CF₃ CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, and q, are 0; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; r is 1, forming an N-oxide; R⁸ is pyrid-3-yl substituted with R²², R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R¹¹ R²⁴ 124 CF₃ CF₃ Cl 125 CF₃ CF₃ OC₃H₇ 126 CF₃ CF₃ C≡N 127 CF₃ CF₃ NHC₃H₇ 128 CF₃ CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a 1,4-dihydropyridine ring; m, p, q, and r are 0; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the pyridine ring; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²³ R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R¹¹ R²⁴ 129 CF₃ Br OC₃H₇ 130 CF₃ F NHCO₂C₂H₅ 131 CF₃ CF₃ CO₂C₂H₅ 132 CF₃ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 133 Cl Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 134 CF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 135 CF₃ CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 136 OCF₃ OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³ R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ B R¹⁵ R¹⁹ R²⁴ 137 OCF₃ O — OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 138 CF₃ CH₂ — CF₃ OC₃H₇ 139 CF₃ CH₂O — CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ 140 CF₃ OCH₂ — CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ 141 CF₃ OCH₂CH₂O — CF₃ OC₃H₇ 142 Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 143 CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 144 OCF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 145 CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 146 CF₃ NR¹⁵SO₂ H CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a 1,4-dihydropyridine ring; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the pyridine ring; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³ R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ B R¹⁵ R¹⁹ R²⁴ 147 CF₃ O — CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 148 CF₃ CH₂ — CF₃ OC₃H₇ 149 CF₃ CH₂ — CF₃ CO₂C₂H₅ 150 Cl CH₂ — Cl NHCO₂C₂H₅ 151 OCF₃ CH₂ — CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ 152 OCF₃ CH₂ — OCF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ 153 CF₃ CH₂O — CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ 154 CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR₂₇R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R²⁴ R¹⁷/R¹⁸ R¹⁹ R²⁰/R²¹ B R¹⁵/R¹⁶ 155 OCF₃ OC₃H₇ H Cl H O — H H — 156 CF₃ CO₂C₂H₅ H Cl H O — H H — 157 CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ H Cl H O — H H — 158 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H Cl H O — H H — 159 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H O — H H — 160 CF₃ CO₂C₂H₅ H Cl H S — H H — 161 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H SO₂ — H H — 162 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H SO₂NR¹⁵ H H H — 163 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H NR¹⁵SO₂ H H H — 164 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H NR¹⁵NHSO₂ H H H — 165 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H Cl H OC₂H₄O — H H — 166 CF₃ OC₃H₇ HH Cl HH

—— 167 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ HH Cl HH

—— 168 CF₃ OC₃H₇ HH Cl HH

—— 169 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ HH Cl HH

—— 170 CF₃ OC₂H₅ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 171 OCF₃ OC₃H₇ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 172 CF₃ OC₂H₄OCH₃ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 173 CF₃ CO₂C₂H₅ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 174 OCF₃ CO₂CH(CH₃)₂ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 175 CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₅ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 176 OCF₃ NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 177 CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂CH═CH₂ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 178 OCF₃ NHCO₂CH₂C≡CH H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 179 CF₃ NHCO₂C₂H₄OCH₃ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 180 CF₃ OC(═)NHCH(CH₃)₂ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 181 OCF₃ 4-fluorophenylamino-carbonyloxy H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 182 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 183 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H Br H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 184 CF₃ CH═NOCH₃ H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 185 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 186 CF₃ CH═NOCH₃ H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 187 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 188 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ Cl H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 189 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 190 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ Cl Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 191 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ Cl H Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 192 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ Cl Cl Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 193 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ F F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 194 OCF₃ CH═NOCH₃ H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 195 OCF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 196 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 197 CF₃ CH═NOCH(CH₃)₂ H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 198 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ F H F OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 199 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ F H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H F — 200 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H H F OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 201 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ F F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 202 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ F F F OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F F — 203 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ CF₃ H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 204 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF H — 205 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H CF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 206 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ CF₃ Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 207 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 208 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ CF₃ Br H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 209 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H OCH₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 210 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ OCH₃ OCH₃ Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 211 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H OCF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 212 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H phenyl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 213 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ H phenoxy H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 214 CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ —CH₂CHCHCH₂— H H OC(═O)NR²⁸ H — H — 215 CF₃ 4-Clpyrid-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 216 CF₃ 5-Clpyrid-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 217 CF₃ 6-Clpyrid-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 218 CF₃ 5-CH₃Opyrid-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 219 CF₃ 5-CF₃pyrid-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 220 CF₃ 2-(C₃H₇O)pyrid-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 221 Br pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 222 F pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 223 NO₂ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 224 SF₅ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 225 OPh pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ H H — 226 OCF₂H pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 227 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 228 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Cl H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 229 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Cl Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 230 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 231 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Cl H Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 232 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H H Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 233 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Cl H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H Cl — 234 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Cl Cl Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 235 OCF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 236 OCF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 237 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 238 OCF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 239 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy F H F OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 240 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H H F OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 241 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy F H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H F — 242 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy F F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 243 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy F F F OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F F — 244 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 245 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 246 OCF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H CF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 247 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 248 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H H CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 249 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H OCF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 250 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H phenyl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 251 CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy H phenoxy H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 252 CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 253 CF₃ 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 254 CF₃ 5-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 255 CF₃ thien-3-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 256 CF₃ 1-methylpyrol-3-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 257 CF₃ 5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 258 CF₃ 4-methoxy-1,2,5-thiadia-zol-3-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 259 CF₃ 8-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro- H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H naphthalen-5-yl H H — 260 CF₃ 2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 261 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 262 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 263 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 264 Cl 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 265 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 266 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 267 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 268 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Br H — 269 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Br H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 270 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetraozl-5-yl H Br H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 271 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H I H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 272 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl F H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 273 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H F H — 274 Cl 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 275 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 276⁸ OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 277 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 278 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 279 CF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 280 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 281 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 282 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H Cl — 283 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 284 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H Cl H — 285 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 286 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH(CH₃)₂ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 287 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 288 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 289 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 290 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 291 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 292 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 293 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ H — 294 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 295 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 296 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H NO₂ H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 297 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H phenyl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 298 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H phenoxy H OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 299 CF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OC(═O)NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 300 CF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H CH₂C(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 301 CF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H OCH₂C(═O)NR¹⁵ H H H — 302 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H H H — 303 CF₃ CO₂C₂H₅ H Cl H CH₂ — H H — 304 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H OCH₂ — H H — 305 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H OCH₂ — H H — 306 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCH₂ — H H — 307 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H OC(═O) — H H — 308 OCF₃ 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H OC(═O) — H H — 309 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 310 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵CH₂ H Cl H — 311 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 312 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Br H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 313 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl F H H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 314 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵CH₂ H F H — 315 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 316 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H I H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 317 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH₃ H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 318 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCH₃ H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 319 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 320 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H NO₂ H NR¹⁵CH₂ H H H — 321 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 322 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 323 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O) H Cl H — 324 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 325 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Br H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 326 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl F H H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 327 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O) H F H — 328 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 329 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H I H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 330 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 331 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCH₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 332 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 333 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H NO₂ H NR¹⁵C(═O) H H H — 334 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 335 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H Cl H H 336 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 337 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Br H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 338 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl F H H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 339 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H F H H 340 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 341 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H I H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 342 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 343 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCH₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 344 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CF₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 345 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 346 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H NO₂ H NR¹⁵C(═O)NR¹⁶ H H H H 347 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl H H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 348 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H Cl H — 349 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Cl H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 350 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H Br H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 351 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl F H H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 352 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H H H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H F H — 353 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H F H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 354 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H I H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 355 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H CH₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 356 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCH₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 357 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H OCF₃ H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — 358 OCF₃ 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl H NO₂ H NR¹⁵C(═O)O H H H — Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R, where B is OC(═O)NR¹⁵; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁵, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R¹ R⁴ R¹⁹ R²⁴ 359 CH₃ CF₃ H CH═NOC₂H₅ 360 CH₃ CF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 361 CH₃ OCF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 362 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ H CH═NOC₂H₅ 363 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 364 CH(CH₃)₂ OCF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 365 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ H CH═NOC₂H₅ 366 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 367 CH₂OCH₃ OCF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 368 phenyl CF₃ H CH═NOC₂H₅ 369 phenyl CF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 370 phenyl OCF₃ Cl CH═NOC₂H₅ 371 CH₃ CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy 372 CH₃ CF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 373 CH₃ OCF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 374 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy 375 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 376 CH(CH₃)₂ OCF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 377 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy 378 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 379 CH₂OCH₃ OCF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 380 phenyl CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy 381 phenyl CF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 382 phenyl OCF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 383 CH₃ CF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 384 CH₃ CF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 385 CH₃ OCF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 386 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 387 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 388 CH(CH₃)₂ OCF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 389 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 390 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 391 CH₂OCH₃ OCF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 392 phenyl CF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 393 phenyl CF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 394 phenyl OCF₃ Cl 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; q is 0, and r is 1, forming a N-oxide; m, s, and r are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R, where B is OC(═O)NR¹⁵; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁵, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R¹⁷ R¹⁸ R¹⁹ R²⁰ R²⁴ 395 CF₃ H H Cl H pyrid-2-yloxy 396 CF₃ H Cl Cl H pyrid-2-yloxy 397 CF₃ H F H F pyrid-2-yloxy 398 CF₃ H H CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy 399 OCF₃ H H Cl H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 400 OCF₃ H H F H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 401 OCF₃ H H F H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 402 OCF₃ H H CF₃ H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 403 OCF₃ H H CF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 404 OCF₃ H H OCF₃ H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 405 OCF₃ H H OCF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and R are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R, where B is O; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is pyrid-2-yl substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R¹ R⁴ R¹⁹ R²⁰ R²⁴ 406 H CF₃ OCF₃ H OCH(CH₃)₂ 407 H CF₃ CF₃ H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 408 H CF₃ CF₃ H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 409 H CF₃ CF₃ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 410 CH₃ OCF₃ CF₃ H OC₃H₇ 411 CH₃ CF₃ CF₃ H CH═NOC₂H₅ 412 CH₃ CF₃ H F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 413 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ Cl H CO₂C₂H₅ 414 CH₂OCH₃ CF₃ F H pyrid-2-yloxy 415 phenylmethyl CF₃ Br H OC₃H₇ Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R¹⁹ B R¹⁵ R²⁴ 416 CF₃ CF₃ O — pyrid-2-yloxy 417 CF₃ CF₃ S — CO₂C₂H₅ 418 CF₃ CF₃ CH₂ — OC₃H₇ 419 CF₃ CF₃ CH₂O — NHCO₂C₂H₅ 420 CF₃ CF₃ OCH₂ — CH═NOC₂H₅ 421 CF₃ CF₃ OCH₂CH₂O — OC₃H₇ 422 Cl Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H pyrid-2-yloxy 423 CF₃ Cl OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H pyrid-2-yloxy 424 OCF₃ CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H pyrid-2-yloxy 425 CF₃ CF₃ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 426 CF₃ CF₃ NR¹⁵SO₂ H pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. R R⁴ B R¹⁵ R²⁴ 427 C₃H₇ CF₃ —OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H pyrid-2-yloxy 428 CH(CH₃)₂ Cl —OC(═O)NR¹⁵— H pyrid-2-yloxy 429 CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ —OC(═O)NR¹⁵— H pyrid-2-yloxy 430 CH(CH₃)₂ OCF₃ —OC(═O)NR¹⁵— H pyrid-2-yloxy 431 CH₂CH═CH₂ CF₃ —OC(═O)NR¹⁵— H pyrid-2-yloxy 432 cyclohexyl CF₃ —OC(═O)NR¹⁵— H pyrid-2-yloxy 433 C₃H₇ OCF₃ —NR¹⁵SO₂— H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is pyrid-2-yl substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁸, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁹ R²⁰ R²⁴ 434 O OCF₃ CF₃ H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 435 O CF₃ Cl H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 436 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ H H pyrid-2-yloxy 437 O CF₃ CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy 438 O CF₃ H CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 439 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ Cl H pyrid-2-yloxy 440 O CF₃ CF₃ H 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy 441 O CF₃ H CF₃ 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy *R¹⁵ is hydrogen. Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; m and s are 1; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is pyrid-2-yl substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁹ R²⁴ 442 O CF₃ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is pyrid-3-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁷ R¹⁹ R²⁰ R²⁴ 443 O CF₃ H H Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 444 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ H H H pyrid-2-yloxy 445 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H Cl H pyrid-2-yloxy 446 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H CN H pyrid-2-yloxy 447 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ Cl H H pyrid-2-yloxy 448 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H CF₃ H pyrid-2-yloxy *R¹⁵ is hydrogen. Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is pyrid-4-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R¹⁷, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁸ R²⁰ R²⁴ 449* O OCF₃ H H 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 450 OC(═O)NR¹⁵** CF₃ H H pyrid-2-yloxy 451 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ Cl Cl pyrid-2-yloxy *N-oxide of the pyrid-4-yl moiety. **R¹⁵ is hydrogen. Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is pyridazin-3-yl substituted with R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁹ R²⁴ 452 O CF₃ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 453 O OCF₃ Cl 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰⁾ _(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R¹⁵/R¹⁶ R²/R³ R⁴/R⁵ R¹⁷/R¹⁸ R¹⁹/R²⁰ R²⁴ 454 O — H/H CF₃/H H/H CF₃/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 455 O — H/H CF₃/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 456 O — H/H OCF₃/H H/H CF₃/H pyrimidin-2-yloxy 457 OCH₂ — H/H CF₃/H H/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 458 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H F/H H 459 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H F/H Cl 460 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F Cl 461 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F F 462 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F I 463 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H OH 464 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F OH 465 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H NH₂ 466 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NH₂ 467 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F C₅H₁₁ 468 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H F/H OCH₃ 469 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F OCH₃ 470 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H OC₃H₇ 471 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H F/H OC₃H₇ 472 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/CF₃ H/H OC₃H₇ 473 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H CF₃/H OC₃H₇ 474 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/F OC₃H₇ 475 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H Cl/H OC₃H₇ 476 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H F/H OC₃H₇ 477 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/CF₃ H/H OC₃H₇ 478 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H CF₃/H OC₃H₇ 479 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/F OC₃H₇ 480 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H Cl/H OC₃H₇ 481 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H F/H OC₃H₇ 482 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/F H/F OC₃H₇ 483 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/CF₃ H/H OC₃H₇ 484 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H CF₃/H OC₃H₇ 485 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/H Cl/H OC₃H₇ 486 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/H F/H OC₃H₇ 487 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/F H/F OC₃H₇ 488 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/CF₃ H/H OC₃H₇ 489 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/H CF₃/H OC₃H₇ 490 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H OC₃H₇ 491 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F OC₃H₇ 492 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H CO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 493 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F CO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 494 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H NHC(═O)CH₃ 495 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)CH₃ 496 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)CH(CH₃)₂ 497 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)C(CH₃)₃ 498 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHCO₂CH₃ 499 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHCO₂C₂H₅ 500 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 501 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 502 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 503 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H Cl/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 504 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 505 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 506 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 507 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 508 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/H Cl/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 509 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 510 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 511 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 512 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 513 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H Cl/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 514 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 515 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 516 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F N(pyrid-2-yl)CO₂CH₃) 517 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)NHC₂H₅ 518 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═S)NHC₂H₅ 519 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)N(CH₃)₂ 520 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)NP(O)(OC₂H₅)₂ 521 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H OC(═O)NHCH₃ 522 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ R¹⁵*/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F OC(═O)NHCH₃ 523 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 524 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 525 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/F CH═NOC₂H₅ 526 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H Cl/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 527 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 528 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/F CH═NOC₂H₅ 529 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 530 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/F H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 531 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/F H/F CH═NOC₂H₅ 532 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/H Cl/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 533 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 534 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/F CH═NOC₂H₅ 535 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 536 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃/— H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 537 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H Cl/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 538 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F CH═NOC₂H₅ 539 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H CH═NOCH₂C≡CH 540 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F CH═NOCH₂C≡CH 541 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F SO₂N(C₂H₅)₂ 542 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F SO₂N-cyclopentyl 543 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H Ph 544 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F Ph 545 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H OPh 546 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F OPh 547 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F O(2-F—Ph) 548 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F O(2,6-F₂—Ph) 549 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F OCH₂Ph 550 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)(2-Cl—Ph) 551 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)(2,6-Cl₂—Ph) 552 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)(2,6-F₂—Ph) 553 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)(2-OCH₃—Ph) 554 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F NHC(═O)(4-OCH₃—Ph) 555 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H F/H pyrazol-1-yl 556 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyrazol-1-yl 557 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H F/H 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl 558 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl 559 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H F/H 1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl 560 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl 561 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H 3-Cl-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yloxy 562 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 3-Cl-1,2,5-thiadizol-4-yl 563 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 1,3-oxazolin-2-ylamino 564 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H H/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 565 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H H/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 566 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H H/H H/CF₃ H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 567 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H H/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 568 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H H/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 569 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H H/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 570 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H H/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 571 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H H/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 572 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 573 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 574 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 575 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 576 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 577 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 578 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 579 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 580 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 581 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 582 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 583 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 584 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 585 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 586 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/H H/CF₃ H/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 587 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 588 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F F/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 589 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F F/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 590 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/F H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 591 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/F H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 592 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/F H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 593 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/F H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 594 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/F H/F H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 595 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CH₃/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 596 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CH₃/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 597 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CH₃/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 598 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CH₃/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 599 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CH₃/H H/CF₃ H/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 600 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CH₃/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 601 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 602 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 603 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 604 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 605 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/CF₃ H/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 606 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 607 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCH₃/H H/H Ph/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 608 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/OCH₃ OCH₃/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 609 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/OCH₃ OCH₃/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 610 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 611 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Ph/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 612 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Ph/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 613 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Ph/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 614 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Ph/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 615 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Ph/H H/H CF₃/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 616 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 617 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 618 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 619 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 620 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/CF₃ H/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 621 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/H Ph/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 622 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OPh/H H/H OPh/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 623** OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/— —/H H/H Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 624** OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/— —/H H/Cl Cl/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 625** OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/— —/H H/F F/H 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 626** OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/— —/H H/F H/F 2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl 627 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yl 628 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yl 629 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 630 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H F/H pyridi-2-yloxy 631 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 632 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/CH₃ H/CH₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 633 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/OCH₃ H/OCH₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 634 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/CF₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 635 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 636 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃/— H/H Cl/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 637 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ C₂H₅/— H/H Cl/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 638 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/CO₂CH₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 639 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 640 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 641 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 642 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/CF₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 643 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 644 OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 645 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 646 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 647 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 648 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/OCH₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 649 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/OCH₃ H/OCH₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 650 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/CF₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 651 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 652 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 653 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 654 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 655 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/CF₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 656 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/CF₃ H/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 657 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 658 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃/— H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 659 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/H H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 660 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/CH₃ H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 661 OC(═O)O — H/H CF₃/H H/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 662 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H Cl/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 663 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/H H/H CF₃/H Cl/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 664 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/Cl H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 665 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 666¹ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 667 OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 668 OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 669 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-loxy, N-oxide 670 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H 3-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 671 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H 5-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 672 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/Br H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 673 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Br/H pyrid-2-yloxy 674 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 675 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 676 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 677 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H I/H pyrid-2-yloxy 678 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/— H/H CF₃/H Cl/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy 679 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H F/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 680 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 681 OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 682 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy, N-oxide 683 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 3-Cl-pyrid-2-yloxy 684 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 5-Cl-pyrid-2-yloxy 685 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 6-Cl-pyrid-2-yloxy 686 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 3,5-Cl₂-pyrid-2-yloxy 687 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 3-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 688 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 5-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 689 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 3-CF₃-pyrid-2-yloxy 690 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 4-CF₃-pyrid-2-yloxy 691 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 5-CF₃-pyrid-2-yloxy 692 OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/CF₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 693 OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H CF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 694 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/CH₃ H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 695 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H CH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 696 OC(═O)NR¹⁵SO₂ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H CH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 697 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F F/F pyrid-2-yloxy 698 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H OCH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 699 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/Cl OCH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 700 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F OCH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 701 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H OCHF₂/H pyrid-2-yloxy 702 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H SCH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 703 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H SCF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 704 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H CN/H pyrid-2-yloxy 705 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H C(═O)CH₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy 706 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrid-2-yloxy, N-oxide 707 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H Cl/H 3-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 708 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H Cl/H 5-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 709 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy, N-oxide 710 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F 3-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 711 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F 5-cyanopyrid-2-yloxy 712 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 713 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 714 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H Cl/H H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 715 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 716 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 717 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H F/H H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 718 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 719 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/F H/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 720 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— Cl/H Cl/H H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 721 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 722 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H F/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 723 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 724 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/CF₃ H/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 725 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl Cl/H H/H CF₃/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 726 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 727 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 728 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/Cl H/Cl H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 729 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 730 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H F/H F/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 731 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 732 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F F/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 733 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/H Cl/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 734 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/H pyrimid-2-yloxy 735 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H OCF₃/H H/F H/F pyrimid-2-yloxy 736 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F pyridazin-3-yloxy 737 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/H Cl/H 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy 738 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy 739 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 1,3,5-triazin-2-yloxy 740 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H/— H/H CF₃/H H/F H/F 4,6-di-OCH₃-1,3,5-triazin-2-yloxy *R¹⁵ in Compound 705 is —C(═O)NHCH₃ **Cmpd 623, 624, 625 and 626: R³ and R⁴ are taken together with —CH═CHCH═CH— to form a benzo-fused ring. Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; and; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁷/R¹⁸ R¹⁹/R²⁰ R²⁴ 741 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ H/F H/F OC₃H₇ 742 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 743 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F CH═NOC₂H₅ 744 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F CH═NOCH₂C≡CH 745 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/H Cl/H CO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 746 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F NHCO₂CH(C₃)₂ 747 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/H Cl/H Ph 748 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F Ph 749 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F OPh 750 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F O(2-F—Ph) 751 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F O(2,6-F₂—Ph) 752 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ F H/F H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 753 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ F/H F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 754 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F F/H pyrid-2-yloxy 755 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 3-chloropyrid-2-yloxy 756 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 5-chloropyrid-2-yloxy 757 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 6-chloropyrid-2-yloxy 758 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 3,5-di-Cl₂-pyrid-2-yloxy 759 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 3-CF₃-pyrid-2-yloxy 760 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 4-CF₃-pyrid-2-yloxy 761 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F N-(methoxycarbonyl)-pyrid-2-ylamino 762 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/H Cl/H pyrimidin-2-yloxy 763 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ F/H F/H pyrimidin-2-yloxy 764 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F F/H pyrimidin-2-yloxy 765 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F pyrimidin-2-yloxy 766 O OCF₃ H/H CF₃/H pyrimidin-2-yloxy 767 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/H Cl/H 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy 768 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/F H/F 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy *R¹⁵ is hydrogen in Cmpds 741–765, 767, 768. Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R¹⁵ R¹⁶ R R⁴ R²⁴ 769 O — — CH₂CH═CH CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 770 OC(═O)O — — CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 771 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — CH₃ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 772 OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H — CH₃ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 773 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ — CH₃ CF₃ CH═NOC₂H₅ 774 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — C₂H₅ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 775 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — C₃H₇ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 776 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 777 OC(═S)NR¹⁵ H — CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 778 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CH₃ — CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 779 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — C(CH₃)₃ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 780 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — CH₂CH═CH CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 781 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — cyclopentyl CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 782 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H — cyclohexyl CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 783 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H H CO₂C₂H₅ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy 784 OC(═O)NR¹⁵CHR¹⁶ H CH(CH₃)₂ CO₂CH₃ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R¹⁵ R R⁴ R²⁴ 785 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CH(CH₃)₂ CF₃ pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p, q, and r are 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁷/R¹⁸ R¹⁹/R²⁰ R²⁴ 786 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ H/F H/F pyrimidin-2-yloxy *R¹⁵ is hydrogen. Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁷/R¹⁸ R¹⁹/R²⁰ R²⁴ 787 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ H/F H/F pyrimidin-2-yloxy *R¹⁵ is hydrogen. Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, q, and r are 0; m is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹² R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R²/R³/R⁴/R⁵ R¹⁰/R¹¹ R²⁴ 788 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OC(═O)CH₃ 789 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl OC(═O)NHCH₃ 790 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OC(═O)NHCH₃ 791 H/H/OCF₃/H H/OCF₃ OC(═O)NHCH₃ 792 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OC(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂ 793 H/H/H/H H/H NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 794 H/H/F/H H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 795 H/Cl/Cl/H Cl/Cl NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 796 H/F/Cl/H F/Cl NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 797 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂C═CH₂ 798 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl NHCO₂CH₂C═CHCH₃ 799 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂C═CHCH₃ 800 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl NHCO₂CH₂C(CH3)═CH₂ 801 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl NHCO₂CH₂C≡CH 802 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂C≡CH 803 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OSO₂CH₃ 804 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OSO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 805 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHSO₂CH₃ 806 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ O(2-F—Ph) 807 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrid-2-yl 808 H/H/H/H H/H pyrid-2-yloxy 809 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 810 H/H/F/H H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 811 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrid-2-ylamino 812 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl pyrimidin-2-yloxy 813 H/Cl/Cl/H Cl/Cl pyrimidin-2-yloxy 814 Cl/H/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 815 H/Cl/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 816 H/H/Cl/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 817 H/F/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 818 H/Cl/Cl/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 819 H/Cl/H/Cl H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 820 H/F/H/F H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 821 H/F/Cl/H H/CF₃ pyrimdiin-2-yloxy 822 H/CF₃/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 823 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ 3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yloxy 824 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 825 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrazin-2-yloxy 826 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m and p are 0; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R⁶, R⁹, R¹² R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R²/R³/R⁴/R⁵ R¹⁰/R¹¹ R²⁴ 827 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl OC(═O)NHCH₃ 828 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OC(═O)NHCH₃ 829 H/H/OCF₃/H H/OCF₃ OC(═O)NHCH₃ 830 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ OC(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂ 831 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 832 H/H/F/H H/F NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 833 H/Cl/Cl/H Cl/Cl NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 834 H/F/Cl/H F/Cl NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 835 H/H/OCH₃/H H/OCH₃ NHCO₂CH(CH₃)₂ 836 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂CH═CH₂ 837 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂CH═CHCH₃ 838 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ NHCO₂CH₂C≡CH 839 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ O(2-F—Ph) 840 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrid-2-yl 841 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl pyrid-2-yloxy 842 H/H/F/H H/F pyrid-2-yloxy 843 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrid-2-ylamino 844 H/H/Cl/H H/Cl pyrimidin-2-yloxy 845 Cl/H/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 846 H/Cl/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 847 H/H/Cl/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 848 H/F/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 849 H/Cl/Cl/H Cl/Cl pyrimidin-2-yloxy 850 H/Cl/Cl/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 851 H/Cl/H/Cl H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 852 H/F/Cl/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 853 H/CF₃/H/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 854 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ pyrimidin-2-yloxy 855 H/H/CF₃/H H/CF₃ 6-chloropyridazin-3-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; m and p are 0; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R⁶, R⁹, R¹¹ R¹³, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R³/R⁴ R⁹ R¹⁰ R¹² R²⁴ 856 H/CF₃ H Cl Cl pyrimidin-2-yloxy 857 H/CF₃ Cl H H pyrimidin-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is C, forming a piperidine ring; m, p, q, and r are 0; s is 1; n is 0, forming a double bond between the methyl carbon (α) and the 4-position of the piperidine ring; R⁸ is pyrid-3-yl substituted with R²², R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; B is phenyl substituted with R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², and R¹³; where R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹², R¹³, R²², R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen; I

Cmpd. No. R⁴ R¹¹ R²⁴ 858 CF₃ CF₃ phenoxy 859 CF₃ CF₃ pyrimidin-2-ylamino Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; q, and r are 1, forming a N-substituted oxy derivative; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R¹⁵ R⁴ R⁷ R¹⁹ R²⁴ 860⁹ OC(═O)NR¹⁵ H CF₃ C₂H₅ Cl pyrid-2-yloxy Compounds of formula I where A is CH, forming a piperidine ring; n is 1, forming single bonds from the methyl carbon (α) and its substituents; p is 0; and; m and s are 1; B is a bridging group from the methyl carbon to R; where R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; q is 0 and r is 1, forming an N-oxide; E is —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1, and y is 0; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶; where R¹, R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁵, R²⁶ R²⁷, and R²⁸ are hydrogen: I

Cmpd. No. B R⁴ R¹⁷/R¹⁸ R^(19/R) ²⁰ R²⁴ 861 OC(═O)NR¹⁵* CF₃ H/F H/F 6-chloropyrid-3-yloxy 862 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ CF₃ H/H Cl/H CH═NOC₂H₅ 863 OC(═O)NR¹⁵ Cl H/H OCF₃/H pyrid-2-yloxy *R¹⁵ in Cmpds 861–863 is hydrogen. ¹chloride salt, ²trifluoroacetate salt, ³succinate salt, ⁴tartarate salt, ⁵bromide salt, ⁶oxalate salt, ⁷chloride salt, monohydrate, ⁸ethanesulfonate salt, ⁹ethyl sulfate salt

The following table sets forth physical characterizing data for compounds of formula I of the present invention:

TABLE 2 Physical Characteristics Cmpd Physical State/ No. Emperical Formula Melting Point (° C.) 1 C₁₈H₁₉N — 2 C₁₈H₁₉N.HCl — 3 C₁₈H₁₉N.HBr Solid, 200 4 C₁₈H₁₈ClN.HCl — 5 C₁₈H₁₈ClN.HCl — 6 C₁₈H₁₈ClN.HCl — 7 C₁₈H₁₇F₂N.C₂H₂O₄.H₂O — 8 C₂₀H₁₇F₃N₆ Solid, 93–95 9 C₂₀H₁₇F₆NO₂ Oil 10 C₂₂H₂₇N Oil 11 C₁₉H₂₀ClN.HCl — 12 C₂₁H₁₉F₆NO₂ Oil 13 C₃₁H₃₃FN₂ Oil 14 C₂₈H₂₈N₂ Flakes, 105–107 15 C₂₈H₂₅F₂N₃OS Solid, 228–230 16 C₂₇H₂₆FN₃OS Solid, 153–155 17 C₂₇H₂₅F₂N₃OS Solid, 134–137 18 C₂₈H₃₂F₆N₂.HCl — 19 C₃₀H₃₄N₂.HCl.H₂O — 20 C₂₂H₂₈N₂ Liquid 21 C₃₀H₃₀N₂O₂ Solid, 105–107 22 C₂₅H₃₀N₂O₂ — 23 C₂₅H₃₁N₂O₂S₂ Solid, 136–137 24 C₁₈H₁₈ClN.HCl — 25 C₃₀H₃₃N₃O Solid, 159–160 26 C₃₁H₃₅N₃O Solid, 134–135 27 C₂₂H₂₂N₂S — 28 C₂₅H₂₃ClFN Oil 29 C₂₅H₂₃F₂N Oil 30 C₂₆H₂₄F₃N Oil 31 C₂₆H₂₃F₄N Oil 32 C₂₆H₂₄F₃NO Oil 33 C₂₇H₂₂BrF₆N Solid 34 C₂₆H₂₃F₄N Viscous oil 35 C₂₆H₂₃F₄NO Oil 36 C₂₅H₂₂ClF₂N Viscous oil 37 C₂₅H₂₂F₃N Viscous oil 38 C₂₆H₂₂F₅N Viscous oil 39 C₂₆H₂₆ClNO Viscous oil 40 C₂₆H₂₆FNO Solid, 87–89 41 C₂₇H₂₆F₃NO Viscous oil 42 C₂₈H₂₅F₆NO₃ Oil 43 C₃₀H₃₅NO Solid, 86–89 44 C₂₈H₃₁NO₃ Solid, 114–115 45 C₃₀H₂₉F₆NO Solid 46 C₂₉H₂₇F₆NO Solid 47 C₃₀H₂₉F₆NO₃ Solid 48 C₃₀H₂₉F₆NO₃ Oil 49 C₃₁H₃₁F₆NO₄ Oil 50 C₃₀H₂₇F₆NO₂ Sticky solid 51 C₃₁H₂₉F₆NO₂ Sticky solid 52 C₂₉H₂₆F₆N₂O Solid 53 C₂₉H₂₃F₉N₂O Solid 54 C₂₉H₂₆F₆N₂O₂ Solid 55 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₂O₂ Solid 56 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ Sticky solid 57 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ Solid 58 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ Solid, 60–65 59 C₃₂H₃₂F₆N₂O₂ Solid 60 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₂O Solid 61 C₃₁H₂₆F₆N₂OS Sticky solid 62 C₃₂H₂₆F₆N₂O Solid 63 C₃₂H₂₅ClF₆N₂O Solid 64 C₃₂H₂₅ClF₆N₂O₃ Solid 65 C₃₂H₂₅ClF₆N₂O Solid 66 C₃₂H₂₅ClF₆N₂O Solid 67 C₃₃H₂₅F₉N₂O Solid 68 C₃₃H₂₅F₉N₂O₃ Solid 69 C₃₃H₂₅F₉N₂O Solid 70 C₃₃H₂₅F₆N₃O Solid 71 C₃₃H₂₅F₆N₃O Solid 72 C₃₂H₂₅F₆N₃O₃ Solid 73 C₃₄H₂₉F₆N₃O₃ Solid 74 C₂₈H₂₅ClF₃N₅ Oil 75 C₂₉H₂₅F₆N₅ Solid, 58–63 76 C₂₈H₂₈ClN₅ Solid 77 C₂₈H₂₇Cl₂N₅ Oil 78 C₂₈H₂₇F₂N₅ Oil 79 C₂₈H₂₇ClFN₅ Solid 80 C₂₉H₂₈F₃N₅ Oil 81 C₂₉H₂₇F₄N₅ Oil 82 C₃₀H₂₇F₆N₅ Solid, 104–106 83 C₃₀H₂₅F₄N₅O₄ Solid 84 C₂₆H₂₅ClN₂S — 85 C₂₇H₂₈NO — 86 C₂₇H₂₂BrF₆NO Solid 87 C₂₇H₂₁BrF₇NO Solid 88 C₂₅H₂₂ClF₂NO Solid, 90–96 89 C₂₅H₂₂F₃NO₂ Solid, 159–160 90 C₂₆H₂₂F₅NO Solid, 162–167 91 C₂₆H₂₆ClNO₂ Solid, 155–163 92 C₂₆H₂₆FNO₂ Solid, 179–183 93 C₂₇H₂₆F₃NO₂ Solid, 158–162 94 C₂₉H₂₇F₆NO₂ Sticky solid 95 C₃₀H₂₉F₆NO₂ Solid 96 C₃₀H₃₁F₆NO₄ Solid, 76–80 97 C₃₂H₂₇F₈NO₄ Solid 98 C₃₁H₂₉F₆NO₂ Sticky solid 99 C₃₀H₂₇F₆NO₃ Solid 100 C₃₁H₂₉F₆NO₃ Solid 101 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₂O₃ Solid 102 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₃ Solid 103 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₃ Solid 104 C₃₂H₃₂F₆N₂O₃ Solid 105 C₃₁H₂₆F₆N₂O₂S Sticky solid 106 C₃₂H₂₆F₆N₂O₂ Solid 107 C₃₂H₂₅ClF₆N₂O₂ Solid 108 C₃₂H₂₅ClF₆N₂O₂ Solid 109 C₃₃H₂₅F₉N₂O₂ Solid 110 C₃₃H₂₅F₉N₂O₂ Solid 111 C₃₃H₂₅F₆N₃O₂ Solid 112 C₂₉H₂₅F₆N₅O Solid, 90–95 113 C₂₈H₂₇Cl₂N₅O Solid 114 C₃₀H₂₇F₆N₅O Sticky solid 115 C₃₀H₂₅F₄N₅O₅ Solid 116 C₄₀H₄₃F₄NO₄.HBr Solid, 121–123 117 C₃₅H₃₀F₆N₂O Solid 118 C₄₀H₃₈F₆N₂O₄.HBr Solid 181 C₃₄H₃₀F₅N₃O₅ Solid, 98–103 182 C₃₀H₃₁ClF₃N₃O₃ Solid foam 183 C₃₀H₃₁BrF₃N₃O₃ — 184 C₂₉H₂₉F₄N₃O₄ Oil 185 C₃₀H₃₁F₄N₃O₄ Oil 186 C₂₉H₂₉F₄N₃O₄ Oil 187 C₃₀H₃₁F₄N₃O₄ Oil 188 C₃₀H₃₀Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 189 C₃₀H₃₀Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 190 C₃₀H₃₀Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 191 C₃₀H₃₀Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 192 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₃F₃N₃O₃ — 193 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₃ — 194 C₂₉H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ Sticky solid 195 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₄ Oil 196 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₃ — 197 C₃₂H₃₄F₅N₃O₃ — 198 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₃ — 199 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₃ — 200 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₃ — 201 C₃₀H₂₉F₆N₃O₃ — 202 C₃₀H₂₇F₈N₃O₃ — 203 C₃₁H₃₁F₆N₃O₃ — 204 C₃₁H₃₁F₆N₃O₃ — 205 C₃₁H₃₁F₆N₃O₃ — 206 C₃₁H₃₀ClF₆N₃O₃ — 207 C₃₁H₃₀ClF₆N₃O₃ — 208 C₃₁H₃₀BrF₆N₃O₃ — 209 C₃₁H₃₄F₃N₃O₄ — 210 C₃₂H₃₅ClF₃N₃O₅ — 211 C₃₁H₃₁F₆N₃O₄ — 212 C₃₆H₃₆F₃N₃O₃ — 213 C₃₆H₃₆F₃N₃O₃ — 214 C₃₄H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ — 227 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ — 228 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 229 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 230 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 231 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 232 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 233 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 234 C₃₂H₂₇Cl₃F₃N₃O₃ — 235 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₄ Solid, 73–78 236 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₄ Solid, 75–80 237 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ — 238 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ Solid, 65–70 239 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ — 240 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ — 241 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ — 242 C₃₂H₂₇F₆N₃O₃ — 243 C₃₂H₂₅F₈N₃O₃ — 244 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₃ — 245 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₃ Solid foam 246 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₄ Solid, 75–80 247 C₃₃H₂₈ClF₆N₃O₃ — 248 C₃₄H₂₈F₉N₃O₃ — 249 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₄ — 250 C₃₈H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ — 251 C₃₈H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ — 261 C₃₀H₃₁F₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 70–75 262 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 65–69 263 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 79–83 264 C₂₈H₂₈Cl₂N₆O₂ Solid 265 C₃₀H₃₀ClF₃N₆O₂ — 267 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 85–89 267 C₃₀H₃₀ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 85–89 268 C₃₀H₃₀BrF₃N₆O₂ — 269 C₃₀H₃₀BrF₃N₆O₂ — 270 C₃₀H₃₀BrF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 93–97 271 C₃₀H₃₀F₃IN₆O₃ Solid foam, 89–92 272 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₃ Solid foam, 66–70 273 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₃ Solid foam, 80–84 274 C₂₈H₂₈ClFN₆O₂ Solid 275 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₃ Solid foam, 78–81 276 C₂₉H₂₉F₄N₆O₃.C₂H₅O₃S Solid 277 C₃₀H₃₀F₄N₆O₃ Semi–solid 278 C₃₀H₃₀F₄N₆O₃ — 279 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 280 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 281 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 282 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 283 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 284 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 285 C₃₁H₃₃F₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 81–83 286 C₃₃H₃₇F₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 76–79 287 C₃₁H₃₃F₃N₆O₄ Solid foam, 76–79 288 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₂ — 289 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₂ Solid foam 290 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₆O₃ Solid, 70–80 291 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₃ Gum 292 C₃₁H₂₉ClF₆N₆O₂ — 293 C₃₂H₂₉F₉N₆O₂ — 294 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₆O₄ Solid, 70–80 295 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₄ Gum 296 C₃₀H₃₀F₃N₇O₅ — 297 C₃₆H₃₅F₃N₆O₂ — 298 C₃₆H₃₅F₃N₆O₃ — 302 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₂S Semi-solid 304 C₃₁H₃₁F₆N₅O₂ Gum 305 C₃₁H₃₁F₆N₅O₃ Gum 306 C₃₁H₃₂F₃N₉O₂ Solid, 148–155 307 C₃₁H₂₉F₆N₅O₃ Gum 308 C₃₁H₂₉F₆N₅O₄ Gum 309 C₂₉H₃₀ClF₃N₆O Syrup 310 C₂₉H₃₀ClF₃N₆O Syrup 311 C₂₉H₃₀ClF₃N₆O Syrup 312 C₂₉H₃₀BrF₃N₆O Semi-solid, 56–61 313 C₂₉H₃₀F₄N₆O Syrup 314 C₂₉H₃₀F₄N₆O Syrup 315 C₂₉H₃₀F₄N₆O Syrup 316 C₂₉H₃₀F₃IN₆O Semi-solid, 58–62 317 C₃₀H₃₃F₃N₆O Syrup 318 C₃₀H₃₃F₃N₆O₂ Syrup 319 C₃₀H₃₀F₆N₆O₂ Syrup 320 C₂₉H₃₀F₃N₇O₃ Semi-solid, 57–62 321 C₂₉H₂₉F₃N₆O₂ Solid, 180–184 322 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₂ Solid, 173–175 323 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₂ Solid, 143–146 324 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₂ Solid, 217–220 325 C₂₉H₂₈BrF₃N₆O₂ Solid, 217–220 326 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₂ Solid, 141–144 327 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₂ Solid, 151–159 328 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₂ Solid, 195–198 329 C₂₉H₂₈F₃IN₆O₂ Solid, 225–229 330 C₃₀H₃₁F₃N₆O₂ Solid, 215–218 331 C₃₀H₃₁F₃N₆O₃ Solid, 204–209 332 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₆O₃ Solid, 210–213 333 C₂₉H₂₈F₃N₇O₄ Solid, 232–236 334 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₃N₇O₂ Solid foam, 86–90 335 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₃N₇O₂ Solid foam, 75–78 336 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₃N₇O₂ Solid foam, 89–93 337 C₂₉H₂₉BrF₃N₇O₂ Solid foam, 94–99 338 C₂₉H₂₉F₄N₇O₂ Solid foam, 84–88 339 C₂₉H₂₉F₄N₇O₂ Solid foam, 89–92 340 C₂₉H₂₉F₄N₇O₂ Solid foam, 74–78 341 C₂₉H₂₉F₃IN₇O₂ Solid foam, 142–149 342 C₃₀H₃₂F₃N₇O₂ Solid foam, 198–200 343 C₃₀H₃₂F₃N₇O₃ Solid foam, 83–87 344 C₃₀H₂₉F₆N₇O₂ Solid foam, 93–98 345 C₃₀H₂₉F₆N₇O₃ Solid foam, 83–88 346 C₂₉H₂₉F₃N₈O₄ Solid foam, 105–110 347 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 76–79 348 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 58–61 349 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 153–156 350 C₂₉H₂₈BrF₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 73–76 351 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₃ Solid foam, 76–80 352 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₃ Solid foam, 63–69 353 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₃ Solid foam, 92–95 354 C₂₉H₂₈F₃IN₆O₃ Solid foam, 73–75 355 C₃₀H₃₁F₃N₆O₃ Solid foam, 73–76 356 C₃₀H₃₁F₃N₆O₄ Solid foam, 73–75 357 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₆O₄ Solid foam, 69–72 358 C₂₉H₂₈F₃N₇O₅ Solid, 143–146 395 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₄ — 396 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₄ — 397 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ — 398 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₄ — 399 C₂₉H₂₈ClF₃N₆O₄ Solid 400 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₄ Solid 401 C₃₀H₃₀F₄N₆O₄ Solid, 130–137 402 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₆O₄ Solid, 138–142 403 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₅ Solid foam, 118–122 404 C₃₀H₂₈F₆N₆O₅ Solid, 136–140 405 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₆O₅ Solid foam, 120–125 427 C₂₉H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ Oil 429 C₂₉H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ Oil 432 C₃₂H₃₆F₃N₃O₃ Oil 433 C₂₅H₃₁F₃N₆O₃S Oil 434 C₂₈H₂₆F₆N₆O₂ Oil 435 C₂₇H₂₆ClF₃N₆O Liquid 436 C₃₁H₂₉F₃N₄O₃ White solid 437 C₃₁H₂₇F₆N₃O₂ Paste 438 C₃₁H₂₇F₆N₃O₂ Pasty solid 439 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₃ Solid 440 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₆N₄O₂ Solid 441 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₆N₄O₂ Solid 442 C₃₁H₂₇F₆N₃O₃ Solid 443 C₃₀H₂₇ClF₃N₃O₂ Sticky solid 444 C₃₁H₂₉F₃N₄O₃ White solid 445 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₃ White solid 446 C₃₂H₂₈F₃N₅O₃ Solid 447 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₃ White solid 448 C₃₂H₂₈F₆N₄O₃ Solid 449 C₂₇H₂₇F₃N₆O₃ Solid 450 C₃₁H₂₉F₃N₄O₃ White solid 451 C₃₁H₂₇Cl₂F₃N₄O₃ — 452 C₂₉H₂₆ClF₃N₄O₂ Sticky solid 453 C₂₆H₂₅ClF₃N₇O₂ Solid 454 C₃₀H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ Gooey solid 455 C₃₂H₂₈F₆N₂O₂ Gooey solid 456 C₃₁H₂₇F₆N₃O₃ Solid 457 C₃₅H₄₂F₃N₃O₅ Solid 458 C₂₇H₂₆F₄N₂O₃ Solid 459 C₂₇H₂₅ClF₄N₂O₃ Solid 460 C₂₇H₂₄ClF₅N₂O₃ Solid 461 C₂₇H₂₄F₆N₂O₃ Solid 462 C₂₇H₂₄F₅IN₂O₃ Solid 463 C₂₇H₂₆ClF₃N₂O₃ Solid 464 C₂₇H₂₅F₅N₂O₃ Solid 465 C₂₇H₂₇ClF₃N₃O₂ Solid 466 C₂₇H₂₆F₅N₃O₂ Solid 467 C₃₂H₃₅F₅N₂O₂ Solid 468 C₂₈H₂₈F₄N₂O₄ Solid 469 C₂₈H₂₇F₅N₂O₄ Solid 470 C₂₉H₃₂Cl₂N₂O₃ — 471 C₂₉H₃₂ClFN₂O₃ — 474 C₃₀H₃₂ClF₃N₂O₃ — 473 C₃₀H₃₂ClF₃N₂O₃ — 474 C₂₉H₃₁ClF₂N₂O₃ — 475 C₂₉H₃₂ClFN₂O₃ — 476 C₂₉H₃₂F₂N₂O₃ — 477 C₃₀H₃₂F₄N₂O₃ — 478 C₃₀H₃₂F₄N₂O₃ — 479 C₂₉H₃₁F₃N₂O₃ — 480 C₂₉H₃₁Cl₃N₂O₃ — 481 C₂₉H₃₁Cl₂FN₂O₃ — 482 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₂F₂N₂O₃ — 483 C₃₀H₃₁Cl₂F₃N₂O₃ — 484 C₃₀H₃₁Cl₂F₃N₂O₃ — 485 C₃₀H₃₂ClF₃N₂O₃ — 486 C₃₀H₃₂F₄N₂O₃ — 487 C₃₀H₃₁F₅N₂O₃ — 488 C₃₁H₃₂F₆N₂O₃ — 489 C₃₁H₃₂F₆N₂O₃ — 490 C₃₀H₃₂ClF₃N₂O₃ Solid 491 C₃₀H₃₁F₅N₂O₃ Solid 492 C₃₁H₃₂ClF₃N₂O₄ Solid 493 C₃₁H₃₁F₅N₂O₄ Solid 494 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ Solid 495 C₂₉H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ Solid 496 C₃₁H₃₂F₅N₃O₃ Solid 497 C₃₂H₃₄F₅N₃O₃ Solid 498 C₂₉H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ Solid 499 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₄ Solid 500 C₃₀H₃₃Cl₂N₃O₄ — 501 C₃₀H₃₃ClFN₃O₄ — 502 C₃₀H₃₂ClF₂N₃O₄ — 503 C₃₀H₃₃ClFN₃O₄ — 504 C₃₀H₃₃F₂N₃O₄ — 505 C₃₀H₃₂F₃N₃O₄ — 506 C₃₀H₃₂Cl₃N₃O₄ — 507 C₃₀H₃₁Cl₂F₂N₃O₄ — 508 C₃₀H₃₂Cl₃N₃O₄ — 509 C₃₀H₃₂Cl₂FN₃O₄ — 510 C₃₀H₃₁Cl₂F₂N₃O₄ — 511 C₃₁H₂₅F₆N₃O Solid 512 C₃₁H₃₂F₅N₃O₄ Solid 513 C₃₁H₃₃ClF₃N₃O₅ — 514 C₃₁H₃₃F₄N₃O₅ — 515 C₃₁H₃₂F₅N₃O₅ — 516 C₃₄H₃₁F₅N₄O₄ Solid, 95–110 517 C₃₀H₃₁F₅N₄O₃ Solid 518 C₃₀H₃₁F₅N₄O₂S Solid 519 C₃₀H₃₁F₅N₄O₃ Solid 520 C₃₂H₃₆F₅N₄O₆P Solid 521 C₂₉H₃₀F₃N₃O₄ Solid 522 C₃₁H₃₁F₅N₄O₅ Solid 523 C₂₉H₃₁Cl₂N₃O₃ — 524 C₂₉H₃₁ClFN₃O₃ — 525 C₂₉H₃₀ClF₂N₃O₃ — 526 C₂₉H₃₁ClFN₃O₃ — 527 C₂₉H₃₁F₂N₃O₃ — 528 C₂₉H₃₀F₃N₃O₃ — 529 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₃N₃O₃ — 530 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₂FN₃O₃ — 531 C₂₉H₂₉Cl₂F₂N₃O₃ — 532 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₃N₃O₃ — 533 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₂FN₃O₃ — 534 C₂₉H₂₉Cl₂F₂N₃O₃ — 535 C₃₀H₃₁F₄N₃O₃ Solid, 63–73 536 C₃₁H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Solid 537 C₃₀H₃₁ClF₃N₃O₄ — 538 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₄ — 539 C₃₁H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ Solid 540 C₃₁H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ Solid 541 C₃₁H₃₄F₅N₃O₄S — 542 C₃₂H₃₄F₅N₃O₄S — 543 C₃₃H₃₀ClF₃N₂O₂ Solid 544 C₃₃H₂₉F₅N₂O₂ Solid 545 C₃₃H₃₀ClF₃N₂O₃ Solid 546 C₃₃H₂₉F₅N₂O₃ Solid 547 C₃₃H₂₈F₆N₂O₃ Solid, 58–67 548 C₃₃H₂₇F₇N₂O₃ Solid, 72–81 549 C₃₄H₃₁F₅N₂O₃ Solid 550 C₃₄H₂₉ClF₅N₃O₃ Solid 551 C₃₄H₂₈Cl₂F₅N₃O₃ Solid 552 C₃₄H₂₈F₇N₃O₃ Solid 553 C₃₅H₃₂F₅N₃O₄ Solid 554 C₃₅H₃₂F₅N₃O₄ Solid 555 C₃₀H₂₈F₄N₄O₂ Solid 556 C₃₀H₂₇F₅N₄O₂ Solid 557 C₂₉H₂₇F₄N₅O₂ Solid 558 C₂₉H₂₆F₅N₅O₂ Solid 559 C₂₉H₂₆F₄N₄O₂S Solid 560 C₂₉H₂₅F₅N₄O₂S Solid 561 C₂₉H₂₅Cl₂F₃N₄O₃S Solid 562 C₂₉H₂₄ClF₅N₄O₃S Solid 563 C₃₀H₂₉F₅N₄O₃ Solid 564 C₂₉H₃₁ClN₆O₂ — 565 C₃₀H₃₁F₃N₆O₂ — 566 C₃₀H₃₀F₄N₆O₂ — 567 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₂N₆O₂ — 568 C₂₉H₂₉Cl₃N₆O₂ — 569 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₂N₆O₂ — 570 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₂N₆O₂ — 571 C₃₀H₃₀ClF₃N₆O₂ — 572 C₂₉H₂₉Cl₃N₆O₂ — 573 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₄N₆O₂ — 574 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₆O₂ — 575 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₆O₂ — 576 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 577 C₂₉H₂₉Cl₃N₆O₂ — 578 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₄N₆O₂ — 579 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₆O₂ — 580 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₆O₂ — 581 C₃₀H₂₉Cl₂F₃N₆O₂ — 582 C₂₉H₃₀ClFN₆O₂ — 583 C₂₉H₂₉Cl₂FN₆O₂ — 584 C₂₉H₂₉F₃N₆O₂ — 585 C₂₉H₂₉F₃N₆O₂ — 586 C₃₀H₃₀F₄N₆O₂ — 587 C₃₀H₃₀F₄N₆O₂ — 588 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₂N₆O₂ — 589 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₂ — 590 C₂₉H₂₉ClF₂N₆O₂ — 591 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₆O₂ — 592 C₂₉H₂₈F₄NO₂ — 593 C₂₉H₂₈F₄N₆O₂ — 594 C₃₀H₂₉F₅N₆O₂ — 595 C₃₀H₃₃ClN₆O₂ — 596 C₃₀H₃₂Cl₂N₆O₂ — 597 C₃₀H₃₂F₂N₆O₂ — 598 C₃₀H₃₂F₂N₆O₂ — 599 C₃₁H₃₃F₃N₆O₂ — 600 C₃₁H₃₃F₃N₆O₂ — 601 C₃₀H₃₃ClN₆O₃ — 602 C₃₀H₃₂Cl₂N₆O₃ — 603 C₃₀H₃₂F₂N₆O₃ — 604 C₃₀H₃₂F₂N₆O₃ — 605 C₃₁H₃₃F₃N₆O₃ — 606 C₃₁H₃₃F₃N₆O₃ — 607 C₃₆H₃₈N₆O₃ — 608 C₃₁H₃₅ClN₆O₄ — 609 C₃₁H₃₄F₂N₆O₄ — 610 C₃₀H₂₉F₅N₆O₂ — 611 C₃₅H₃₅ClN₆O₂ — 612 C₃₅H₃₄Cl₂N₆O₂ — 613 C₃₅H₃₄F₂N₆O₂ — 614 C₃₅H₃₄F₂N₆O₂ — 615 C₃₆H₃₅F₃N₆O₂ — 616 C₃₅H₃₅ClN₆O₃ — 617 C₃₅H₃₄Cl₂N₆O₃ — 618 C₃₅H₃₄F₂N₆O₃ — 619 C₃₅H₃₄F₂N₆O₃ — 620 C₃₆H₃₅F₃N₆O₃ — 621 C₄₁H₄₀N₆O₃ — 622 C₄₁H₄₀N₆O₄ — 623 C₃₃H₃₃ClN₆O₂ — 624 C₃₃H₃₂Cl₂N₆O₂ — 625 C₃₃H₃₂F₂N₆O₂ — 626 C₃₃H₃₂F₂N₆O₂ — 627 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₂ Solid 628 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₂ Solid 629 C₃₁H₂₉Cl₂N₃O₃ — 630 C₃₁H₂₉ClFN₃O₃ — 631 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₂N₃O₃ — 632 C₃₃H₃₄ClN₃O₃ — 633 C₃₃H₃₄ClN₃O₅ — 634 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ — 635 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ — 636 C₃₃H₃₁ClF₃N₃O₃ White solid 637 C₃₄H₃₃ClF₃N₃O₃ White solid 638 C₃₃H₃₂ClN₃O₅ — 639 C₃₁H₂₉ClFN₃O₃ — 640 C₃₁H₂₉F₂N₃O₃ — 641 C₃₁H₂₈F₃N₃O₃ — 642 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₃ — 643 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₃ — 644 C₃₁H₂₉Cl₂N₃O₅S — 645 C₃₁H₂₈Cl₃N₃O₃ — 646 C₃₁H₂₈Cl₂FN₃O₃ — 647 C₃₁H₂₇Cl₂F₂N₃O₃ — 648 C₃₂H₃₁Cl₂N₃O₄ — 649 C₃₃H₃₃Cl₂N₃O₅ — 650 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 651 C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ — 652 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ — 653 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₃ — 654 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ — 655 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₃ — 656 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₃ — 657 C₃₂H₃₀F₃N₃O₃ — 658 C₃₃H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ White solid 659 C₃₃H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ Oil 660 C₃₄H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Oil 661 C₃₂H₂₉F₃N₂O₄ White solid 662 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ Tan solid 663 C₃₃H₃₁ClF₃N₃O₃ Oil 664 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ Yellow solid 665 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃ Solid 666 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₃.HCl — 667 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₂S — 668 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₅S — 669 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₄ Solid 670 C₃₃H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₃ White solid 671 C₃₃H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₃ White solid 672 C₃₂H₂₉BrF₃N₃O₃ Thick oil 673 C₃₂H₂₉BrF₃N₃O₃ Tan solid 674 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₃ Yellow paste 675 C₃₂H₂₉F₄N₃O₃ — 676 C₃₃H₃₁F₄N₃O₃ Oil 677 C₃₂H₂₉F₃IN₃O₃ Solid, 85–99 678 C₃₃H₃₀Cl₂F₃N₃O₃ Oil 679 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ Solid 680 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₃ Solid 681 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₂S — 682 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ White solid 683 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₃ Solid, 81–91 684 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₃ Solid, 61–77 685 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₃ Solid, 76–83 686 C₃₂H₂₆Cl₂F₅N₃O₃ Solid, 78–90 687 C₃₃H₂₇F₅N₄O₃ White solid 688 C₃₃H₂₇F₅N₄O₃ White solid 689 C₃₃H₂₇F₈N₃O₃ Solid, 75–86 690 C₃₃H₂₇F₈N₃O₃ Solid, 77–86 691 C₃₃H₂₇F₈N₃O₃ Solid, 80–88 692 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₂S — 693 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₂S — 694 C₃₄H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Oil 695 C₃₄H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Oil 696 C₃₃H₃₂F₃N₃O₅S — 697 C₃₂H₂₇F₆N₃O₃ White solid 698 C₃₄H₃₄F₃N₃O₄ Oil 699 C₃₃H₃₁ClF₃N₃O₄ Solid 700 C₃₃H₃₁F₄N₃O₄ Solid 701 C₃₃H₃₀F₅N₃O₄ — 702 C₃₃H₃₂F₃N₃O₃S — 703 C₃₃H₂₉F₆N₃O₃S — 704 C₃₃H₂₉F₃N₄O₃ — 705 C₃₄H₃₂F₃N₃O₄ — 706 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₅ Solid 707 C₃₃H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₄ White solid 708 C₃₃H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₄ White solid 709 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₅ Solid 710 C₃₃H₂₇F₅N₄O₄ White solid 711 C₃₃H₂₇F₅N₄O₄ White solid 712 C₃₀H₂₈Cl₂N₄O₃ — 713 C₃₀H₂₈ClFN₄O₃ — 714 C₃₀H₂₇ClF₂N₄O₃ — 715 C₃₀H₂₈ClFN₄O₃ — 716 C₃₀H₂₈F₂N₄O₃ — 717 C₃₀H₂₇F₃N₄O₃ — 718 C₃₀H₂₇Cl₃N₄O₃ — 719 C₃₀H₂₇Cl₂FN₄O₃ — 720 C₃₀H₂₆Cl₂F₂N₄O₃ — 721 C₃₀H₂₇Cl₃N₄O₃ Solid 722 C₃₀H₂₇Cl₂FN₄O₃ Solid 723 C₃₀H₂₆Cl₂F₂N₄O₃ Solid 724 C₃₁H₂₇Cl₂F₃N₄O₃ Solid 725 C₃₁H₂₇Cl₂F₃N₄O₃ Solid 726 C₃₀H₂₇Cl₃N₄O₃ — 727 C₃₀H₂₇Cl₂FN₄O₃ — 728 C₃₀H₂₆Cl₂F₂N₄O₃ — 729 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₃ Solid, 94–104 730 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₃ Solid 731 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₃ Solid, 92–102 732 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₃ Solid 733 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₄ — 734 C₃₁H₂₈F₄N₄O₄ — 735 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₄ — 736 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₃ Solid 737 C₃₁H₂₇Cl₂F₃N₄O₃ Solid 738 C₃₁H₂₆ClF₅N₄O₃ Solid 739 C₃₀H₂₆F₅N₅O₃ — 740 C₃₂H₃₀F₅N₅O₅ — 741 C₃₀H₃₁F₅N₂O₄ Solid 742 C₃₀H₃₁F₄N₃O₄ Solid, 136–142 743 C₃₀H₃₀F₅N₃O₄ Solid, 138–143 744 C₃₁H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ Solid 745 C₃₁H₃₂ClF₃N₂O₅ Solid 746 C₃₁H₃₂F₅N₃O₅ Solid 747 C₃₃H₃₀ClF₃N₂O₃ Solid 748 C₃₃H₂₉F₅N₂O₃ Solid 749 C₃₃H₂₉F₅N₂O₄ Solid 750 C₃₃H₂₈F₆N₂O₄ Solid, 135–144 751 C₃₃H₂₇F₇N₂O₄ Solid, 141–146 752 C₃₁H₂₈F₃N₃O₄ — 753 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ Solid 754 C₃₂H₂₈F₅N₃O₄ Solid 755 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₄ Solid, 145–148 756 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₄ Solid, 157–161 757 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₄ Solid, 137–142 758 C₃₂H₂₆Cl₂F₅N₃O₄ Solid, 172–174 759 C₃₃H₂₇F₈N₃O₄ Solid, 142–144 760 C₃₃H₂₇F₈N₃O₄ Solid, 159–161 761 C₃₄H₃₁F₅N₄O₅ Solid, 149–153 762 C₃₁H₂₈ClF₃N₄O₄ Solid, 171–175 763 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₄ Solid 764 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₄ Solid 765 C₃₁H₂₇F₅N₄O₄ Solid, 150–153 766 C₃₁H₂₇F₆N₃O₄ Solid 767 C₃₁H₂₇Cl₂F₃N₄O₄ Solid, 152–154 768 C₃₁H₂₆ClF₅N₄O₄ Solid, 151–154 769 C₂₈H₂₉F₃N₂O₂ Solid 770 C₂₉H₃₁F₃N₂O₄ Gum 771 C₂₇H₂₈F₃N₃O₃ White solid 772 C₂₇H₂₈F₃N₃O₂S Yellow solid 773 C₂₆H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ Solid 774 C₂₈H₃₀F₃N₃O₃ Tan solid 775 C₂₉H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ Oil 776 C₂₉H₃₂F₃N₃O₃ Oily solid 777 C₂₉H₃₂F₃N₃O₂S Yellow solid 778 C₃₀H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Yellow solid 779 C₃₀H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Solid 780 C₂₉H₃₀F₃N₃O₃ Oil 781 C₃₁H₃₄F₃N₃O₃ Solid 782 C₃₂H₃₆F₃N₃O₃ Oil 783 C₃₀H₃₂F₃N₃O₅ Solid 784 C₃₂H₃₆F₃N₃O₅ Oil 785 C₂₉H₃₂F₃N₃O₄ Solid 786 C₃₁H₂₅F₅N₄O₃ Solid, 85–92 787 C₃₁H₂₅F₅N₄O₄ Solid, 137–141 788 C₂₉H₂₅F₆NO₂ Solid 789 C₂₇H₂₆Cl₂N₂O₂ Solid 790 C₂₉H₂₆F₆N₂O₂ Solid 791 C₂₉H₂₆F₆N₂O₄ Solid 792 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ Solid 793 C₂₉H₃₂N₂O₂ Solid 794 C₂₉H₃₀F₂N₂O₂ Solid 795 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₄N₂O₂ Solid 796 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₂O₂ Solid 797 C₃₁H₂₈F₆N₂O₂ Solid 798 C₃₀H₃₀Cl₂N₂O₂ Solid 799 C₃₂H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ Solid 800 C₃₀H₃₀Cl₂N₂O₂ Solid 801 C₂₉H₂₆Cl₂N₂O₂ Solid 802 C₃₁H₂₆F₆N₂O₂ Solid 803 C₂₈H₂₅F₆NO₃S Solid 804 C₃₀H₂₉F₆NO₃S Solid 805 C₂₈H₂₆F₆N₂O₂S Solid 806 C₃₃H₂₆F₇NO Solid, 50–59 807 C₃₂H₂₆F₆N₂ Solid 808 C₃₀H₂₈N₂O Solid 809 C₃₀H₂₆Cl₂N₂O Solid 810 C₃₀H₂₆F₂N₂O Solid 811 C₃₂H₂₇F₆N₃ Paste 812 C₂₉H₂₅Cl₂N₃O Paste 813 C₂₉H₂₃Cl₄N₃O Solid 814 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O Solid 815 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O Solid 816 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O Solid 817 C₃₀H₂₅F₄N₃O Solid 818 C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂F₃N₃O Solid 819 C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂F₃N₃O Solid 820 C₃₀H₂₄F₅N₃O Solid 821 C₃₀H₂₄ClF₄N₃O Solid 822 C₃₁H₂₅F₆N₃O Solid 823 C₃₁H₂₉F₆N₃O Paste 824 C₃₁H₂₅F₆N₃O Solid 825 C₃₁H₂₅F₆N₃O Solid 826 C₃₁H₂₄ClF₆N₃O Solid, 68–77 827 C₂₇H₂₆Cl₂N₂O₃ Solid 828 C₂₉H₂₆F₆N₂O₃ Solid 829 C₂₉H₂₆F₆N₂O₅ Solid 830 C₃₁H₃₀F₆N₂O₃ Solid 831 C₂₉H₃₀Cl₂N₂O₃ Solid 832 C₂₉H₃₀F₂N₂O₃ Solid 833 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₄N₂O₃ Solid 834 C₂₉H₂₈Cl₂F₂N₂O₃ Solid 835 C₃₁H₃₆N₂O₅ Solid 836 C₃₁H₂₈F₆N₂O₃ Solid 837 C₃₂H₃₀F₆N₂O₃ Solid 838 C₃₁H₂₆F₆N₂O₃ Solid 839 C₃₃H₂₆F₇NO₂ Solid, 171–173 840 C₃₂H₂₆F₆N₂O Solid 841 C₃₀H₂₆Cl₂N₂O₂ Solid 842 C₃₀H₂₆F₂N₂O₂ Solid 843 C₃₂H₂₇F₆N₃O Paste 844 C₂₉H₂₅Cl₂N₃O₂ Solid 845 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O₂ Solid 846 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O₂ Solid 847 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O₂ Solid 848 C₃₀H₂₅F₄N₃O₂ Solid 849 C₂₉H₂₃Cl₄N₃O₂ Solid 850 C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂F₃N₃O₂ Solid 851 C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂F₃N₃O₂ Solid 852 C₃₀H₂₄ClF₄N₃O₂ Solid 853 C₃₁H₂₅F₆N₃O₂ Solid 854 C₃₁H₂₅F₆N₃O₂ Solid 955 C₃₁H₂₄ClF₆N₃O₂ Solid, 128–135 856 C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂F₃N₃O₂ Solid 857 C₃₀H₂₅ClF₃N₃O₂ Solid 858 C₃₂H₂₆F₆N₂O Solid 859 C₃₀H₂₅F₆N₅ Solid 860 C₃₄H₃₄ClF₃N₃O₄C₂H₅O₄S Solid 861 C₃₂H₂₇ClF₅N₃O₄ Solid, 158–161 862 C₃₀H₃₁ClF₃N₃O₄ Solid 863 C₃₂H₂₉ClF₃N₃O₅ Solid

Candidate insecticides were evaluated for activity against the tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens [Fabricius]) in a surface-treated diet test.

In this test one mL of molten (65–70° C.) wheat germ-based artificial diet was pipetted into each well of a four by six (24 well) multi-well plate (ID# 430345-15.5 mm dia.×17.6 mm deep; Corning Costar Corp., One Alewife Center, Cambridge, Mass. 02140). The diet was allowed to cool to ambient temperature before treatment with candidate insecticide.

For a determination of insecticidal activity, solutions of the candidate insecticides were prepared for testing using a Packard 204DT Multiprobe® Robotic System (Packard Instrument Company, 800 Research Parkway, Meriden, Conn. 06450), in which the robot first diluted a standard 50 millimolar DMSO solution of candidate insecticide with a 1:1 water/acetone solution (V/V) in a ratio of 1:7 stock solution to water/acetone. The robot subsequently pipetted 40 microliters of the so-prepared solution onto the surface of the diet in each of three wells in the 24 multi-well plate. The process was repeated with solutions of seven other candidate insecticides. Once treated, the contents of the multi-well plate were allowed to dry, leaving 0.25 millimoles of candidate insecticide on the surface of the diet, or a concentration of 0.25 millimolar. Appropriate untreated controls containing only DMSO on the diet surface were also included in this test.

For evaluations of the insecticidal activity of a candidate insecticide at varying rates of application, the test was established as described above using sub-multiples of the standard 50 millimolar DMSO solution of candidate insecticide. For example, the standard 50 millimolar solution was diluted by the robot with DMSO to give 5, 0.5, 0.05, 0.005, 0.0005 millimolar, or more dilute solutions of the candidate insecticide. In these evaluations there were six replicates of each rate of application placed on the surface of the diet in the 24 multi-well plate, for a total of four rates of application of candidate insecticide in each plate.

In each well of the test plate was placed one second instar tobacco budworm larvea, each weighing approximately five milligrams. After the larvae were placed in each well, the plate was sealed with clear polyfilm adhesive tape. The tape over each well was perforated to ensure an adequate air supply. The plates were then held in a growth chamber at 25° C. and 60% relative humidity for five days (light 14 hours/day).

After the five-day exposure period insecticidal activity for each rate of application of candidate insecticide was assessed as percent inhibition of insect weight relative to the weight of insects from untreated controls, and percent mortality when compared to the total number of insects infested.

Insecticidal activity data at selected rates of application from this test are provided in Table 3. The test compounds of formula I are identified by numbers that correspond to those in Table 1.

TABLE 3 Insecticidal Activity of Test Compounds Applied to the Surface of the Diet of Tobacco Budworm Cmpd. No 30 31 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 Percent Mortality 100 17 100  67  0 100  0 100 67 Percent Growth Inhibition  54 99 100 100 24 100 11 100 96 Cmpd. No 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Percent Mortality  0  33  0 100 100 100 100 100  0 Percent Growth Inhibition 26 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 59 Cmpd. No 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 Percent Mortality 100 100 100  33 100 100 100  0 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 100 Cmpd. No 70 71 72 74 75 76 77 78 79 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100  0 100  67  83 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100  96 91 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 80 81 82 83 85 87 93 94 95 Percent Mortality  33 100 100 100 100 100 33 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 100 100 Cmpd. No 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 107 108 109 111 112 113 114 115 117 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 118 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 Percent Mortality 100 100 100  67 100 100 100 100  0 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100  98 100 100 100 100  94 Cmpd. No 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100  33 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 227 228 Percent Mortality 100 100  0 100 100 100  0 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100  67 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  33 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 247 248 249 250 251 261 262 263 264 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  99 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 274 275 276 277 279 280 281 282 283 Percent Mortality 100 100  17 100 100 100 100  0 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100  79 100 100 100 100  95 100 Cmpd. No 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 Percent Mortality 100 100  50 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100  94 100 100 100 100  95 100 Cmpd. No 293 294 295 297 298 302 304 305 306 Percent Mortality  17 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  33 Percent Growth Inhibition  93 100  92 100 100 100  95  95  59 Cmpd. No 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  92  92 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 Percent Mortality  50 100 100 100 100  17  0  67  83 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100  95  78  98  99 Cmpd. No 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 Percent Mortality  50  0  0  0  50  33  67 100  17 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  93  99  95  99  89  98 100  99 Cmpd. No 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100  50  83 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  83 100 100 100  50 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 395 396 Percent Mortality  83  17 100 100 100 100  83 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  87 100 100 100 100  99 100 100 Cmpd. No 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 427 429 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 Percent Mortality  33 100 100 100 100 100  50 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  33  0 100  17 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100  96 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 448 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 Percent Mortality 100  0 100  67  83 100 100  17  0 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  62 100 100 100 100 100 100  16 Cmpd. No 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 Percent Mortality  0  0  0  0  83  0  0  0  17 Percent Growth Inhibition  94  99 100  98 100  65  63  92  77 Cmpd. No 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 Percent Mortality  0  33  17 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  68 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 494 495 496 497 498 499 501 501 502 Percent Mortality  0  0 100  17 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  77  98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100  0  17  17  17 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100  86  96  93  99 Cmpd. No 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 Percent Mortality 100 100  0  0 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100  59  43 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 Percent Mortality 100  0 100 100 100 100  0  33 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  98 100 100 100 100  99 100 100 Cmpd. No 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 Percent Mortality  0  17  17  33  50  33  0 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  86  99  97  96 100 100  96 100 100 Cmpd. No 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100  83  33 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 Percent Mortality  83  0  83  16  17 100  0 100  17 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  48 100  99  72 100  14 100 100 Cmpd. No 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 Percent Mortality  0  0  0 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  29  4  4 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  50 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100  0 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100  0 100 100 Cmpd. No 647 648 648 650 651 652 653 654 655 Percent Mortality 100 100  83 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 Percent Mortality 100 100  0  50  0  0 100  50 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100  98  91 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 Percent Mortality  0 100 100  0 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100  25 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100  17 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 Percent Mortality 100 100 100  17 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100  98 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 Percent Mortality 100 100  50 100  0 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100  32 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  17 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 Percent Mortality 100 100 100  83 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 Percent Mortality 100 100  0 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 764 765 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  0  0  17  0 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100  13  76  72  78 100 Cmpd. No 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 Percent Mortality  0  33 100  67  0 100  0 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  98 100 100 100 100 100  98 100 100 Cmpd. No 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 Percent Mortality  0 100 100 100 100  33 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition  70 100 100 100 100  87 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 Percent Mortality 100  0  83  50 100 100  0  0  0 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  76 100  94 100 100  59  83  86 Cmpd. No 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  33  0 100  0 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  64 100 Cmpd. No 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 Percent Mortality  50  50 100 100  67 100  83 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100  92 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100  83 100 100  0 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  80 100 Cmpd. No 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 Percent Mortality 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  83 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 Percent Mortality 100 100  83 100 100  50 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cmpd. No 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 Percent Mortality 100  50  83 17  0 100 100 100 Percent Growth Inhibition 100 100 100 99 46 100 100 100

These tests were conducted with 0.25 millimoles of candidate insecticide on the surface of the diet.

As set forth in the foregoing Table 3, most of the compounds therein provided 100% mortality and 100% growth inhibition of tobacco budworm.

While this invention has been described with an emphasis upon preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that variations of the preferred embodiments may be used and that it is intended that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims. 

1. A compound of formula I

wherein; m=1, n=1, q=0, s=1, r=0 or 1, and p is 0; A is selected from C and CH, forming a six-membered azine ring selected from piperidine, 1,4-dihydropyridine, and 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine; R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, pentahalothio, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryl, or aryloxy, provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are other than hydrogen; and either of R² and R³, or R³ and R⁴ may be taken together with —OCF₂O—, —OCF₂CF₂—, —C₂F₂CO—, or —CH═CHCH═CH—, forming a benzo-fused ring; where a single bond between methyl carbon α and the 4-position of the six-membered azine ring is formed;

B is a bridging group from methyl carbon α to R; where B is selected from O, *OCH₂, *OC(═O)NR¹⁵, where the asterisk denotes attachment to the methyl carbon α; where R¹⁵ is H; and, R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-2-yl substituted with R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid-3-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹; pyrid4-yl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, and R²¹; or pyridazin-3-yl substituted with R¹⁹, R²⁰ and R²¹; where R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are described above; R¹ is when q is 0, and r is 1, an N-oxide derivative of the six-membered azine ring nitrogen is formed; R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶,

where R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, dialkoxyalkyl, trialkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkenyloxyiminoalkyl, alkynyloxyiminoalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkylthio, dithioalkoxyalkyl, trithioalkoxyalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, dialkylaminosulfonyl, cycloalkylaminosulfonyl, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkenyloxy, alkylsulfonyloxy, optionally substituted arylalkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, alkylamino, alkylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, alkenyloxycarbonylamino, alkynyloxycarbonylamino, haloalkylcarbonylamino, alkoxyalkoxycarbonylamino, (alkyl)(alkoxycarbonyl)amino, alkylsulfonylamino, optionally substituted (heteroaryl)(alkoxycarbonyl)amino, optionally substituted arylcarbonylamino, formyl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolidin-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-oxazaperhydroin-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithian-2-yl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, alkylaminocarbonylamino, dialkylaminocarbonylamino, alkylamino(thiocarbonyl)amino, dialkylphosphoroureidyl, optionally substituted thienyl, optionally substituted 1,3-thiazolylalkoxy, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl, optionally substituted arylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heteroaryloxy, optionally substituted pyrrolyl, optionally substituted pyrazolyl, optionally substituted pyrazinyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinyl, optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-oxazolinylamino, optionally substituted 1,2,4-triazolyl, optionally substituted 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted 1,2,5-thiadiazolyloxy, optionally substituted 2H-tetrazolyl, optionally substituted pyridyl, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted pyridylamino, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally substituted pyrimidinyloxy, optionally substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinyloxy, optionally substituted pyridazinyloxy, or optionally substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, wherein the optional substituent is selected from one or more of halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, cyano, nitro, amino, or alkoxycarbonylamino, provided that at least one of R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ is other than hydrogen; when s is 1; E is a bridging group selected from (CR²⁷R²⁶)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1; y is 0, and, where R²⁷, R²⁸, R²⁹, and R³⁰ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl optionally substituted with alkoxy; N-oxides; and agriculturally-acceptable salts thereof.
 2. A compound of claim 1, wherein p and q are 0; r is 0 or 1; and s is 1; R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, pentahalothio, alkylthio, nitro, aryl, and aryloxy; E is the bridging group —(CR²⁷R²⁸)_(x)—(CR²⁹R³⁰)_(y)—, where x is 1 and y is 0, R²⁷ and R²⁸ are hydrogen; and R⁸ is phenyl substituted with R²², R²³, R²⁵, and R²⁶, where R²², R²³, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkoxy, dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkenyloxyiminoalkyl, alkynyloxyiminoalkyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, optionally substituted arylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxolane-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl, optionally substituted 1,3-dithian-2-yl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted 2H-tetrazole, optionally substituted pyridyl, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally substituted pyrimidinyloxy, and optionally substituted pyridazinyloxy.
 3. A compound of claim 2, wherein A is CH, forming said piperidine ring; m and n are 1, forming a single bond between methyl carbon α and the 4-position of said rings; R¹ is hydrogen; B is said bridging group selected from O and *OC(═O)NR¹⁵, where R¹⁵, is hydrogen; and R is phenyl substituted with R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ where R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, aryl, aryloxy, and 2-alkyl-2H-tetrazole.
 4. A compound of claim 3, wherein R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy; and R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, dialkoxyalkyl, dithioalkoxyalkyl, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, optionally substituted 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted 2H-tetrazole, optionally substituted pyridyloxy, and optionally substituted pyridyloxy.
 5. A compound of claim 4, wherein B is the bridging group O or *OC(═O)NR¹⁵; R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²¹ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy.
 6. A compound of claim 5, wherein R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R¹⁸, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, and R²⁶ are hydrogen; R⁴ and R¹⁹ are difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy; and R²⁴ is pyrid-2-yloxy or pyrimidin-2-yloxy.
 7. A composition containing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 1 in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.
 8. A composition containing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 2 in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.
 9. A composition containing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 3 in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.
 10. A composition containing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 4 in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.
 11. A composition containing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 5 in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.
 12. A composition containing an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 6 in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant.
 13. The insecticidal composition of claim 7, further comprising one or more second compounds.
 14. The insecticidal composition of claim 8, further comprising one or more second compounds.
 15. The insecticidal composition of claim 9, further comprising one or more second compounds.
 16. The insecticidal composition of claim 10, further comprising one or more second compounds.
 17. The insecticidal composition of claim 11, further comprising one or more second compounds.
 18. The insecticidal composition of claim 12, further comprising one or more second compounds.
 19. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 7 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 20. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 8 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 21. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 9 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 22. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 10 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 23. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 11 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 24. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 12 to a locus where insects are present or are expected to be present.
 25. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 13 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 26. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 14 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 27. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 15 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 28. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 16 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 29. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 17 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present.
 30. A method of controlling tobacco budworm, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of a composition of claim 18 to a locus where tobacco budworm are present or are expected to be present. 